Winter irrigation is the irrigation of water into the fields in winter to increase soil water storage and prevent drought in the spring of the coming year. This method is commonly used in the cultivation of winter wheat in northern China to achieve the purpose of increasing production. In order to have a good winter irrigation effect, three factors must be considered: soil moisture, temperature, and seedlings.
First, soil moisture:
Considering soil moisture, if it is less than 70% of the field capacity (less than 16% for the combined soil and less than 18% for the silt), winter irrigation is required; if it is higher than 70%, winter irrigation or non-winter irrigation may be appropriately delayed. However, it is necessary to strengthen the measures for soil loosening and soil conservation, increase the temperature of the ground, and promote the lowering of the roots of wheat to cultivate strong seedlings.
Second, temperature:
The suitable temperature for winter irrigation is about 3°C ​​per day. If the winter irrigation is too early, the temperature is still high and the evaporation is large, which will not achieve the effect of water irrigation and mashing. At the same time, it will cause the wheat seedlings to grow in length and not resist freezing. The winter irrigation will be late, the temperature will be low, the soil will freeze, and the water will not infiltrate. The occurrence of Lingtai will cause the wheat seedlings to freeze or suffocate. After the winter irrigation, the cold current came and when the temperature dropped below 0°C, the winter irrigation was higher than the ground temperature without winter irrigation, which was greatly beneficial to ensure the safety of winter wheat seedlings.
Third, the seedlings:
The seedling condition during winter irrigation is also an important condition for considering whether to perform winter irrigation. Wang Miao generally does not lack water and fertilizer, do not have winter irrigation. Weak seedlings (especially late-seeding wheat and single-rooted seedlings) are also not suitable for winter irrigation to prevent silt seedlings, Lingtai, freeze-infested wheat seedlings, and even dead seedlings. For such weak seedlings, the winter water can be turned back to Qingshui, and the water can be used to adjust the fertilizer, and the fertilizer can be used to attack the seedlings, so that the wheat seedlings can turn from weak to strong.
Fourth, note:
1, the amount of winter irrigation can not be too large, so as to avoid the area of ​​water, the formation of ice shells in the case of low temperatures, resulting in freezing plants aboveground, root suffocation, childbirth death and reduced production.
2, after the winter irrigation, must be timely cutting soil, to avoid cracking hazard due to soil compaction. Late sowing must pay special attention. In addition to protecting soil to prevent cracking and aeration of the soil, the slashed soil can also increase the ground temperature by about 0-10cm at about 1°C, which is conducive to promoting seedling growth.
Wheat winter irrigation can greatly increase soil moisture, increase the survival rate of wheat seedlings, and finally achieve the effect of increasing production and income.
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