One, plastic trimming
For the new shoots with growth space, when the length reaches about 20 cm, topping is carried out, and the branches on the back are topped 2 to 3 times, and cultivated into a fruiting shoot group. For pear trees with strong growth potential and a large number of elongated branches, generally retain 1-2 elongated branches per side branch and let them grow, which can prevent flower buds from drawing branches; twisting and pulling branches for the elongated branches with growth space can be used. Improve the light of the tree body, and ease the growth of the branches, which is conducive to the formation of flower buds.
The main side branches or rearing branches of young trees can be circumcised in the near future. Before the new shoots are lignified, use toothpicks to open the base angle of about 80° for the fruiting shoots on the center stem.
2. Fertilizer and water management
From the end of May to June, before the differentiation of flower buds, according to the size of the tree and the size of the fruit, the plant shall be applied with 1 to 1.5 kg of special fertilizer for fruit trees with phosphorus and potassium as the mainstay, supplemented by nitrogen, and irrigate immediately after fertilization. Combined with pest control, spray 0.1-0.2% urea or 0.1-0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate once every 15 days or so. In case of drought, water should be drenched once to meet the water demand of the fruit.
3. Orchard management
In summer, the temperature is getting higher, the soil moisture is high, and weeds are easy to grow. You can loosen the soil and weed in time after heavy rains or after irrigation.
In the orchard where conditions permit, the orchard can be covered with grass. After the wheat harvest, the inter-row or inner-row trays of the fruit trees are covered with wheat straw. Each acre covers 1,000 to 1500 kilograms of grass, and the thickness of the cover is 20 cm. After mulching the grass, sporadically compress soil on the grass to prevent fires.
Four, fruit bagging
Fruit bagging can effectively improve the appearance and color, improve the commercial properties, especially make the fruit small and light, uniform color and luster; it can also reduce diseases and insect pests, wind damage and fruit cracking, etc., keep the fruit surface clean, reduce pesticide residues, and improve fruit quality The safety; at the same time, it can also delay picking, extend shelf life, improve storability and market competitiveness.
Do a good job of flower thinning and fruit thinning, bagging 25 to 45 days after flower fall, and spraying insecticide and disease prevention agent 5 to 7 days before bagging.
Five, pest control
1. In the young fruit stage, it mainly controls rust disease, scab, ring worm, psyllid psyllid, pear aphid, pear net bug, and pear worm. â‘ Manually remove the diseased and diseased tips, and bury them deeply; â‘¡ Spraying 80% mancozeb 800 times solution and 30% carbendazim 500 times solution can prevent rust and other diseases. When the pests are severe, 10% imidacloprid can be mixed. Do not use Bordeaux mixture after 40 days of fruit setting to prevent fruit rust from occurring.
2.6 At the beginning of the long shoot growth period: 80% Dasheng M-45 wettable powder 800-1000 times, or 80% Xinwansheng 800-1000 times, or 12.5% ​​Subaoli 3000 times plus DuPont Wanling 2000-3000 times, or 20 % Worm mites net 1500 times, or pyrethroid pesticides 2000-4000 times. The main control objects: scab, black spot, pear rust, ring disease, psyllids, rust tick, aphids, pear big, small pear, flower net bug, etc.
3. During the period of fruit expansion and maturity, it mainly controls scab, ring disease, rust disease, heartworm, boat-shaped caterpillar, and rust tick. For disease control, 200 times of Bordeaux mixture can be sprayed; for pest control, 2000 to 3000 times of 10% Kungfu can be sprayed.
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