It is time to go to the autumn oak tomato film, and the autumn temperature and humidity are suitable. Most of the diseases are easy to occur in this mouth. The disease is the main obstacle affecting the high quality of autumn tomato. Therefore, the management of autumn tomato should be paid attention to. It is very important to do a good job in the prevention and control of autumn tomato diseases before the shed film. The following section of HuiNong.com has compiled an autumn tomato disease prevention and control strategy for your reference.
First, cracked fruit
Tomato cracking is a common physiological phenomenon. The main cause of cracking is water imbalance, which is also related to varieties.
Tomato cracking control method:
1) Select a variety with strong crack resistance
2) Strengthen water and fertilizer management
a) Deeply digging the ground, adding bio-organic fertilizer to make the roots grow well and buffer the dramatic changes in soil moisture;
b) Reasonable watering to avoid soil drying and wetting, especially to prevent excessive watering after prolonged drought;
c) Greenhouse vents should be protected from falling into the rain;
d) When the temperature drops sharply, pay more attention to soil moisture management to avoid excessive humidity changes.
3) Tomato cracking is also related to calcium and boron absorbed by plants.
Insufficient supply of calcium and boron can cause cracking. Therefore, it is necessary to Supplement calcium fertilizer and boron fertilizer in time to adjust the proportion of various nutrients in the soil. Nitrogen and potassium fertilizers should not be excessive, otherwise it will affect the absorption of calcium by plants. Drought affects the absorption of calcium by plants, so uniform watering is essential.
4) Pay attention to environmental regulation, prevent aging of the peel, and avoid direct sunlight on the shoulder. It is an effective measure to prevent aging.
a) proper shading;
b) Three to four leaves are taken when picking the heart, and the top side sputum can be appropriately reserved;
c) Reduce the humidity of the air and shorten the dew time of the fruit surface.
Second, early blight
After the onset of the disease, the leaf mask has concentric striate lesions, dark brown, water-stained, black spot on the stem of tomato early blight. Stems and petioles, fruits, etc. also have concentric ring-shaped lesions after onset, and there are black molds on the lesions when wet.
Tomato disease prevention and treatment methods for early blight:
1) After planting, use Dakening (active ingredient: 75% chlorothalonil) 25 -30 g with water 30 kg or methyl thiophanate (active ingredient: 70% thiophanate-methyl) every 5-7 days.
2) If it is found that susceptible plants are recommended to use Fuxing (active ingredient: flusilazole, 400g / liter) 2 g and Shigao (active ingredient: difenoconazole 10%) 10 g with water 30 kg every 5 days One control.
Third, leaf mold
Start with the middle and lower blades and gradually expand to the upper blade. The front of the leaf is elliptical or irregularly yellowish chlorotic, the brown part of the diseased part is necrotic or necrotic; the primary white mold layer of the leaf back disease becomes purple-gray to black dense velvet mold layer.
Tomato leaf mold prevention and treatment methods:
1) Reduce the humidity in the shed, especially in the rainy weather, and wait for the weather to improve and ventilate in time.
2) Chemical control.
Prevention: Daknin (75% chlorothalonil) 25 -30 g with water 30 kg or methyl thiophanate (70% thiophanate-methyl) every 5-7 days.
Treatment: Ami Miaoshou (active ingredient: benzotribe ester, difenotropium 125g / liter, azoxystrobin 200 g / liter) 10 ml water 30 kg or Shigao (active ingredient: diphenyl ether Cyclic azole 10%) 10 g + amishida (active ingredient: ether oxystrobin 250 g / liter,) 10 ml water 30 kg, once every 5 days, continuous control 2-3 times.
Fourth, gray mold
The leaf tip of the leaf began to appear water-immersed light brown lesions, and the lesions developed inward in a "V" shape. When wet, the disease minister is gray mold; the stem has a small point of water immersion at the beginning, and then expands into strip-shaped lesions, gray mold layer in high humidity; the fruit infects residual stigma or petals, and the posterior fruit surface and fruit stem develops. The peel turned grayish white, water-soaked, and soft-rotated, and the disease minister gave off a gray-green fluffy mold layer.
Prevention and treatment of tomato gray mold:
1) Reduce the humidity of the greenhouse, especially after watering and rainy weather.
2) Prevention and control of scented flowers: When Syngenta produces suitable music (active ingredient: acillus nitrile 25 g / liter) into the scented medicinal preparation. (If: spray flower, silk flower 10ml per bag 10-12 kg of water, point flower 10 ml per bag 7-8 kg water). Or the Syngenta production of Huiyou (active ingredient: 50% of fluke nitrile) into the scented medicinal preparation (if: spray, squid, 3 g per bag, 12-15 kg of water, 3 g of water per bag) 8-10 kg)
3) Clean the susceptible leaves and fruits in the shed in time (Note: Avoid falling the mold layer).
4) Chemical control: Bayer produces Schwartz (active ingredient: pyrimethanil 400g / liter) 15ml water 30 kg. Or BASF produces Kaiser (active ingredient: boscalid 50%) 12g with water 30 kg. Spray once every 5 days, and spray carefully.
V. Viral disease
Viral disease is an outstanding disease of tomato in the autumn. It is common in flowers, ferns, leaves, streaks, and yellow tops.
Mosaic type: the leaves are yellowish-green, intertwined or shallow, mottled, or slightly shrunken;
Fern leaf type: the plant is dwarfed, the upper leaves are linear, the middle and lower leaves are micro-volume, and the corolla is enlarged into giant flowers;
Stripe type: brown spots or cloud spots on the leaves, or brown patches on the stems, the discolored parts are only in the epidermis, not deep inside;
Rolling leaf type: yellowing between veins, the edge of the leaves is bent upwards, the leaflets are twisted, deformed, and the plants are atrophied or clustered;
Yellow-top type: the top leaves are chlorotic or yellow, the leaves become smaller, the leaves are shrunk, the edges are rolled up, the plants are dwarfed, and the branches are clustered;
Necrotic type: Some leaves or whole leaves are yellowed, yellow-brown necrotic spots appear, and the lesions are irregular, mostly necrotic and dry from the edges. The diseased plants are light gray-green and have translucent light white spots.
Tomato virus disease prevention and treatment methods:
1) Cultivate robust plants to avoid seedling disease.
2) Avoid drought control seedlings and ensure seedling air and soil moisture.
3) Use imidacloprid, cypermethrin or other agents or insect nets to control whitefly and aphids.
4) Periodically spray “morpholine hydrochloride + ningnanmycin + zinc powder†every 5-7 days after planting.
Six, late blight
The affected petiole and main stem are dark brown rot, the seedlings are wilting, the lesions start from the tip of the leaf tip, there is white mildew when wet, dry and dry when dry, the lesion changes from light brown to dark brown, water stain or moiré Shape, slightly sunken, the disease is hard.
Prevention and treatment of tomato late blight:
1) Reduce the humidity of the greenhouse, especially after watering and rainy weather.
2) Clean the diseased leaves and fruits in the shed in time (Note: Avoid falling the mold layer).
3) Chemical control.
A. After the leaf is applied, the wound site is applied with methyl thiophanate (70% thiophanate-methyl) + carbendazim in time to increase the concentration of the drug.
B, prevention: the second spike point flower with Dakening (75% chlorothalonil) 25-30g + DuPont gram (active ingredient: frost urea · manganese zinc 72%) 30g or 50% dimethomorph 20g water 30 kg Prevention and treatment. Control every 5-7 days.
C, treatment: the initial stage of the disease using silver method (active ingredient: fluorobacteria · chlorpyrifos 687.5g / liter) 25ml water 30 kg for whole plant spray, used every 7 days.
Seven, umbilical rot
The disease usually occurs when the fruit grows to a large walnut. Initially, there was a water-soaked lesion on the umbilicus, which gradually enlarged, causing the top of the fruit to sag and brown. The lesions usually have a diameter of 1 - 2 cm and, in severe cases, extend to a small half of the fruit. When dry, the diseased part is leathery. When it is wet, the surface produces various mildew layers, often white, pink and black. These mold layers are saprophytic fungi, not the pathogen of the disease. The fruit of the disease occurs mostly on the first and second ear fruits. These fruits tend to grow small and hard, and turn red early.
Prevention and treatment of tomato umbilical rot:
At the time of onset, the root can be applied 1% superphosphate or 0.1% calcium nitrate once every 10 days, even spray 2-3 times.
Eight, gray leaf spot
Gray leaf spots mainly harm the leaves. There are small ash-brown near-circular lesions with long diameter of 2~4mm on the leaves. The lesions are slightly sunken and small. The lesions gradually expand along the veins and become irregular. The middle part gradually fades to grayish-brown. In the later stage, it is easy to perforate and the leaves gradually die. Generally, the incidence of autumn and winter sputum is heavier. The main onset period is the fruit expansion period.
Control methods for tomato ash leaf spots:
1) Prevention: After planting, use Syngenta to produce Dakening (active ingredient: chlorothalonil 75%) 25-30g+3% carbogen 18-20g or medical 1 million units streptomycin 4-5g, every 7 Prevent once a day.
2) Treatment: After the plant is found to be susceptible to the disease, use Bayer to produce Luna Sen (active ingredient: fluorobacteria·valproate 42.8%) 15-20ml with water 30 kg or BASF production of Jianda (azole ether · fluoroamide 42.4%) 8ml is sprayed with 30 kg of water, and it is controlled once every 3-4 days, and it is continuously controlled 2-3 times.
Nine, bacterial medullary necrosis
Bacterial medullary necrosis occurs mostly from the middle and lower parts. The leaves are initially water-soaked. The surface of the stem first appears brown to dark brown spots, which gradually expands. The longitudinal section shows that the pith becomes dark brown. The upper part of the plant is chlorotic, wilt or even the whole plant. Death; when the humidity is high, the pus may overflow from the wound and the adventitious root.
Prevention and treatment of bacterial medullary necrosis in tomato:
1) Preventive measures:
The first ear of high-incidence area is prevented in time after flowering. Use of the drug: Dakening (active ingredient: chlorothalonil 75%) 25-30g + 3% carbogen 18-20g or medical 1 million units streptomycin 4-5g, once every 7 days.
2) Found susceptible plants:
Solution 1: Medical 1 million units of streptomycin sulfate 4-5g + 20% leaf cumin 30-35g + 30% succinate copper sulfate 30-50g water 30 kg whole plant spray.
Option 2: Medical 1 million units of streptomycin sulfate 4-5g or 72% agricultural streptomycin 14g (alternate use) + can kill cockroach (active ingredient: copper hydroxide 46%) 10g or copper master (active ingredient: 86.2% of cuprous oxide) 10 g of whole plant was sprayed to prevent bacterial diseases on the affected plants.
The above is the autumn tomato disease prevention and control strategy compiled by Huinong. The above pharmacy program is for reference only, I hope to help everyone.
Preservatives are a kind of Food Additives which can inhibit microbial activities and prevent food spoilage. In order to make the food have a certain storage period, it is necessary to adopt certain measures to prevent the infection and reproduction of microorganisms. Practice has proved that the use of preservatives is one of the most economical, effective and simple methods to achieve the above purposes.Preservatives should also be used as food additives for the purpose of maintaining the original quality and nutritional value of the food. There are 25 kinds of preservatives such as benzoic acid, sodium benzoate, sorbate, potassium sorbate and calcium propionate.Preservatives , Thickener, Acidity regulator, Food Additives, Sweeteners.we have 4-aminobenzoic,Cycloartenyl ferulate,prechlorotadalafil,Propyl gallate,Cycloartenyl ferulate,fluorescein sodium,4-Aminobenzoic,Raspberry Juice Powder,Aronia Juice Powder,Noni Juice Powder,Mango Juice Powder,Hawthom Juice Powder.
Preservatives , Thickener, Acidity regulator, Food Additives, Sweeteners
Xi'an Henrikang Biotech Co.,Ltd , https://www.xianhenrikang.com