Health care is no longer a hospital patent, and it is increasingly closely related to people's daily lives. Medical devices are gradually evolving from portable devices to wearable devices, which means that devices should be able to be used continuously for long periods of time. These new devices present many new challenges for designers. This article will explore some of these challenges and provide solutions.
Drug perfusion therapy
Medical devices that are wearable by the human body are not new. Many people are familiar with wearable products such as nicotine patches and motion sickness patches. They lay the foundation for a new generation of electronic products. The iontophoresis patch is one of the new generations of this product.
Electron iontophoresis uses an electrical current to complete the injection of the drug through the skin. The transdermal drug is ionized, dissolved in an aqueous solution, and applied to the electrode in the patch. This specially formulated ionized mixture can then be transmitted through the skin under the action of a direct current, as shown in Figure 1. Most patches currently in use can be worn anywhere from minutes to hours, depending on the drug and the condition being treated.
Electron iontophoresis has several advantages. First, the drug can reach a very high dose level locally, rather than distributing the drug throughout the body like a syringe injection. This topical treatment improves efficacy and reduces side effects.
With the development of electronic technologies such as switching power supply design and cost-effective high-performance MCUs, it has become possible to produce low-cost disposable drug dispensers. Many consumers have been using self-service iontophoresis products for a variety of conditions including headache, cold sores and wrinkles.
Designers face numerous challenges in designing devices such as iontophoresis patches. The biggest challenge is that the critical electronic components are located in the wearable portion of the device, and that portion is discarded after being used once. This situation forces the patch electronics to be small and inexpensive. At the same time, because this is a small disposable product, battery cost and capacity have further limited the design. Moreover, the design should also be easily modified to perform other functions, such as changing the dose of the drug and the duration of the perfusion.
In order for the drug to be injected through the skin, the device must generate sufficient voltage to provide the current required to maintain a particular implant dose rate for a specified period of time. Designing a cost-sensitive, small-ion iontophoresis device can be as simple as a DC/DC boost converter that drives controlled current through the skin and uses a microcontroller (MCU) to control the converter.
A boost regulator is used to raise the low voltage of the battery to a high enough level to pass the required current through the skin. The chip electronic components can be powered using inexpensive coin-cell lithium batteries or alkaline batteries.
Medical Medicine Measuring Cup
A measuring cup is a measuring instrument (symbol Ex) used to measure the volume of liquid expelled from the measuring instrument. The shape of a glass measuring cup is a frustum with a large top and a small bottom, which can hold more liquid than a measuring cylinder.
How to use: It must be cleaned, dried and leveled before use, then pour the solution into the scale line slightly higher than the required volume, and then pour out the excess slowly until the lower edge of the meniscus of the solution is just at the required volume Above the scale line is the volume to be measured. When the solution is poured out of the barrel, slowly pour it out of the mouth, and finally the mouth of the barrel comes into contact with the wall of the receiver to take out the final solution.
Measuring cups are mostly scaled medicine cups or dispensing cups for chemical testing or other testing operations. The graduations of the measuring cup are not evenly distributed, and the distance between the upward graduations is getting smaller and smaller.
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