When we harvest the peanuts, we will see that there are many tumor-like mites in the roots. These small mites are large and small, more or less, and some even more than peanuts. Why do these occur? What are the hazards? Let's take a look at the following.
Peanut root "疙瘩"
These peanut root mites appear mainly for two reasons. One is the nitrogen-fixing nodule of peanuts, and the other is the root-knot nematode of peanuts. The nematode is a pest that can cause damage to peanuts. The more serious the pests, the fewer peanut pods. This is what we see more than peanuts. Rhizobium has no harm to peanuts, but root-knot nematodes are harmful to peanuts. How to prevent it? Let's take a look at it.
Symptoms and control measures of root knot nematodes
First, the symptoms
The main damage to peanut nematodes is the roots, fruits and fruit stalks of peanuts. It invades the plant body when the larvae invade, first invades from the root tip, and then gradually expands to form a root knot of millet or mung bean size. The root knot is white at the beginning of the disease, and it is yellow-brown after the infection. The root knot of peanut nematode can grow many adventitious roots, which will be affected by nematode infestation, and then roots will grow. After repeated and repeated, it will have a great impact on the yield of peanuts. The peanuts are interfered by nematodes. After that, there will be poor growth, leaf atrophy and yellowing, as well as delayed flowering, less pods and small consequences.
Second, the disease conditions
The pathogen of nematodes is mainly in the roots of infected peanuts with eggs and larvae, and the wintering of the fruit. After the environmental conditions are suitable in the following year, the eggs hatch the larvae and invade the disease from the roots. The nematodes can secrete toxins to destroy the host cells, causing the parenchyma cells to develop too fast to produce giant cells, which in turn form root knots.
Soil temperature is the main condition affecting the hatching and invasion of nematodes. The general temperature is about 15-20 degrees Celsius, and the soil moisture is about 70%, which is most suitable for the incidence of infection. It is mainly spread through our farming operations, rainwater, and tandem irrigation. For continuous cropping, and early planting, the field management is extensive, and the weeds are more serious.
Third, prevention measures
Peanut root knot nematodes should be based on prevention, supplemented by chemical control, and measures such as reducing the initial source of bacterial infection, and comprehensive control can have a good effect.
1. Rotational planting should be carried out in the field. It can be rotated with grass crops or potato crops. It is best to carry out crop rotation for 2-3 years, which can have good results.
2. Adding reasonable organic fertilizer in the field, timely removing the weeds and sick bodies in the field, and reducing the source of infection. When purchasing seeds, we choose excellent pure seeds and try not to introduce them from the ward.
3. When the chemical is controlled, 1.8% avermectin EC can be applied to the ditch, applied or sprayed on the surface of the soil; or 1.8% avermectin EC 1000 times. Or the use of thiazolyl and propylphosphorus spray, which have special effects on nematodes, have better control effects.
The above is about the introduction of peanut root-knot nematode. The specific symptoms, conditions, and prevention measures have been introduced in detail. You can control according to your own needs. I hope that the content shared by Xiaobian can help the majority of peanut planting. Households.
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