Agricultural Machinery Cooperatives Become Wheat Harvesters

The picture shows the farmers in the East China Sea are harvesting medicated melons for mechanized seeding and mixing. (Zhang Ling photo)

Hebei: New changes in wheat harvest across regions

Another year when the wheat harvest. Compared with the previous two years, the number of cross-regional teams organized by the Agricultural Machinery Department has become less and less. At the beginning of the three summers, the author once telephoned several counties and cities in Hebei Province, but it was very difficult to find the departure ceremony of the cross-region team organized by the government functional departments. Today, most of the cross-region service teams are led by professional cooperatives.

So what are the new changes in cross-district operations in Hebei this year? What are the impacts of these changes on the operators of trans-regional operations?

To adapt to market demand, the wheat cross-region operation service organization was born. Gu Mengkun is the chairman of the Jiuying Agricultural Machinery Cooperative of Daming County. It has been three years since the organization of the farmer's hands to participate in the agricultural machinery cooperation organization to carry out cross-regional operations. As early as the end of the 1990s, he joined the team of cross-region operations. He had more than ten years of experience in cross-region operations.

“When I started cross-district work in the 1990s, I was alone and attacked on all sides. I often encountered some unexpected troubles. Later, the government began to participate. The Agricultural Machinery Department organized a county’s pilots to set off in a unified way, roughly go to one place, and work on the route. We have helped in transportation, social security, weather services, etc. Nevertheless, we encountered some unexpected incidents and were overwhelmed, and we all hope that we have an organization of our own, and if we have problems, we should take care of each other. In 2010, we initiated the establishment of the Jiuying Farm Machinery Professional Cooperative in Daming County, which is composed of 5 individuals.”

According to Gu Mengkun, after the establishment of the cooperative, before the summer harvest, the local agricultural machinery department negotiated with relevant cities and counties in Henan and Shandong to sign the machine-harvess contract, and clearly assigned each village’s harvesting task to each operator according to the contract. The operator only needs to go to the designated place according to the specified route to carry out the mechanical work. The cooperative also arranges the place where the driver eats and sleeps so that the cross-district operator can eat well, sleep well and earn well.

The first time this year, Guo Zhenqiu, who participated in the cross-district operation organized by the Jiuying Agricultural Machinery Cooperative Society, told the author: “If we still participate in cooperatives, we can even think about food and shelter. As a handyman, we only need to do a good job, and everything else is useless. On the morning of May 28th, more than 30 wheat combine harvesters organized by our cooperatives arrived in Henan Xinye on an established route, and since the cooperatives had already contacted us in advance about the operation site, we started harvesting in the afternoon. I harvested in the afternoon. More than 50 acres of wheat, 50-55 yuan operating fee, revenue can also be."

It is not just Guo Zhenqiu who finds the feeling of “home”. It is understood that in the summer harvest season each year, about 890 operators in Hebei Province participate in cross-region operations. Today, 80% of them have joined large and small agricultural cooperative organizations, and they have demonstrated their skills through cross-region operations through collective efforts. .

Government departments perform their duties and provide multi-level services for the operators

It is understood that in 1996 the Ministry of Agriculture began to guide the implementation of wheat trans-regional operations. Since the cross-region operations were new at the time, the operators encountered problems such as poor road access, farmer's forced interception of mechanical harvesting, and mechanical maintenance service lags. In order to ensure the smooth implementation of cross-district operations, the agricultural machinery, public security, transportation, and oil supply departments have taken active actions to formulate specific measures to protect the cross-region operations.

When Hebei Province began to implement cross-district operations, the government's functional departments did sing the protagonist. In recent years, with the relative stability of the cross-regional operating areas, many operators and operators have established long-term contacts, coupled with the establishment of cross-regional operations, and the elimination of cross-regional operating vehicles have been normalized, agricultural machinery maintenance services. With the gradual marketization, the leading role of government departments has gradually begun to diminish.

“I can’t afford to play a leading role, and it does not mean that I can do nothing.” Ma Qingbo, head of the Xinle City Agricultural Machinery Bureau, told the author that in order to smoothly carry out cross-district operations this year, as soon as it enters in April, the Bureau will organize training drivers 1500. Over 1,500 people visited and overhauled cross-regional operation machinery, and went to Henan on-site inspection with the person in charge of the Agricultural Machinery Cooperation Organization to accurately determine the operating area, operating price, and operating environment, and set up two more in the Henan and Henan provinces with concentrated agricultural machinery. Inter-regional agricultural service station, arranging 12 technicians to carry accessories to provide technical services for cross-regional operators.

Relevant experts believe that the combination of government functions and market regulation is a good sign for cross-region operations in wheat.

The rise in oil prices affected the operator’s income, and the number of cross-regional operations increased at the beginning of June. Although Anhui, Henan, and other places of wheat have already entered the harvest period, due to factors such as rising oil prices and increasing agricultural mechanization rates, Xingtai City, Hebei Province, participated in the south Combine harvesters that operate across regions have been significantly reduced compared to previous years, and more operators have chosen “nearby operations”.

According to Wang Lihua, the harvester of West Guocheng Village, during the summer season, the price of diesel rose by more than one yuan compared to the same period of last year. The cost of labor was also rising, and the harvesting fee for going out had not risen much, similar to the level of the previous two years. This means that the farther you run, the more money they will have to pay. Wang Lihua said that the delivery of the harvester had used a 1,500 yuan in return for a vehicle, and it would cost 3,000 yuan for a return of 1,500 yuan. Two more drivers were hired. The driver paid 150 yuan a day and the expenses were too high.

In addition, in recent years, the state’s subsidy policy for agricultural machinery has continuously increased the rate of agricultural mechanization in various parts of the country, and the number of harvesters has also increased. This has also led to a saturation of the harvesters in various regions. State, so many farm operators have chosen to operate nearby.

It is understood that at present, the state's subsidy for agricultural machinery oil is mainly reflected in the comprehensive direct subsidies for agricultural resources. As long as there are farmers in Tiantian, they can all receive subsidies. Therefore, many agricultural operators have called for the country to issue a corresponding policy as soon as possible to directly distribute agricultural machinery oil subsidies to agricultural operators.

"Originally, this money was used to make up for the loom. Now it is directly added to the ground. The policy is indeed a good policy, but it has not fallen onto the hands of the operators now," said driver Hao Pengru. (Ni Jingcang)

Shandong: The Agricultural Machinery Service Model Continues to Innovate A few days ago, the wheat harvest of Shandong Province had been perfectly finished, and corn machine broadcasts had also been launched. Throughout the three summers, how are the revenues of wheat harvested in the trans-regional wheat farms in Shandong Province? What new changes have taken place in the agricultural service model? From this year's production in Sanxia, ​​can we see which trends and trends?

Cooperatives hold the market and become protagonists

A few days ago, when the author called Gao Hongyu, the president of the Agricultural Machinery Cooperative in Zhongshan Township, Jiaxiang County, he was leading the agricultural machinery cooperatives of Pingdu City to carry out the wheat harvest operation across regions.

"This year's trans-regional machine harvest is better than last year, and the machine harvest price in Henan and Anhui is 45 yuan/mu, although it is a little lower, but it is also higher than last year. In the province, the price of aircraft is higher than outside the province, and it is generally About 70 yuan/mu, the highest in Jiaodong area is 90 yuan/mu.” Gao Hongyu said when asked about the situation of cross-regional wheat harvest operations.

Gao Hongyu organized 100 wheat combine harvesters this year and divided it into two work teams. From May 28, he set out from Jiaxiang County and went to Fuyang City, Anhui Province, and to Shangxian County, Zhumadian City, Henan Province and Shangshui County, Zhoukou City, Henan Province. The district operations waited until Jiaxiang County’s wheat crop was harvested. They then moved to the Jiaodong region. During the entire wheat harvest, they moved to 6 operating sites. Each site reaped 200 to 300 acres of wheat per machine, and each locomotive harvested 1,400 acres of wheat. About 40,000 yuan to 50,000 yuan in net income.

At present, there are more than 3,800 farm machinery cooperatives in Shandong Province, such as Zhongshan Township in Jiaxiang County. They have nearly 30,000 wheat combine harvesters. During the three summers, agricultural machinery cooperatives throughout the region became the main players in the trans-regional machine harvesting market in wheat. They used their own advantages in various types of machinery to actively innovate service models with first-class service quality and reputation. The series of trans-regional machine-harvesting services has improved the efficiency of operations and increased the revenue of operators. It has been generally welcomed by the local people and has become the “protagonist” of Sanxia’s production.

Shandong Province's wheat harvest operations began in the mid-1990s. At present, the province’s wheat combine harvester has grown from 2883 units in 1994 to more than 130,000 units, an increase of 23 times; the harvested area of ​​wheat machinery has reached 97%, an increase of 30 percentage points; and the wheat harvested in the trans-regional harvester is jointly harvested. The machine has grown from nearly 100 units that have just begun to more than 80,000 units. For more than a decade, the province has achieved a total of more than 20 billion yuan in revenue from cross-regional wheat harvest.

After more than a decade of development, the trans-regional machine revenue has also been quietly transformed. The agricultural machinery department has changed from the main body of the cross-regional machine-harvesting market to the main body of the aircraft-handling service, and the agricultural machinery cooperatives have become the real main body of the trans-regional wheat harvester market.

Order operation is winning steadily and becomes mainstream

In recent years, with the increase in the number of agricultural machinery blowouts, work tools have become nearly saturated, and competition in the wheat harvesting market has become increasingly fierce. Shandong's participation in the previous year's cross-regional machine harvester reached the peak of 50,000 units in the year, and this year There are only 30,000 machines out of the province.

Some experts pointed out that for the pilots, the reversal of the relationship between supply and demand has directly led to a decline in their income. With rising costs such as refueling and labor, supply and demand and cost factors have risen to independent variables, and once the "hand-operated market" has become the "mainong market." The confrontation between the supply and demand of the operator and the wheat cultivator, the game of "receiving" and "cutting" directly leads to market confusion. On the one hand, new localities are blindly new to the agricultural machinery to form a large, comprehensive, small and complete supplier market. On the other hand, in order to grab business, operators have to keep their prices down, and the revenue of the operators is turning sharply. The relative continuous decrease in revenue has led to a reduction in the enthusiasm of operators for cross-region operations. Even those who wish to participate in provincial and inter-regional operations are only choosing to work in areas that have formed a stable and cooperative relationship for a long time.

Li Peixin, president of Chuangqiu Agricultural Machinery Cooperative Association in Jieshan Town, Dongping County, said that this year, his agricultural cooperatives had five wheat combine harvesters. At the beginning of the year, the cooperatives signed a harvest agreement for more than 5,000 acres of wheat with villagers in their villages. There is also a lot of money earned by the regional machine.

Although Xu Yanhua, director of the Agricultural Machinery Cooperative in Yucheng Village in Qishan Township, Dongping County, signed a harvest agreement for 17,000 mu of wheat with the surrounding villagers at the beginning of the year, he still took the cooperative's 18 wheat combine harvesters to Henan to cross-regional machines. Received. "Henan's wheat is after all a few days more mature than here. Idle at home is still idle. There are dates and dates that I must go to play one shot." Xu Yanhua said.

In fact, there are also many hand-holding machines like Xu Yanhua. After the Spring Festival this year, agricultural cooperatives all over Shandong signed agreements with local farmers to complete the wheat harvest agreement. They then organized delegations to Henan, Anhui and other neighboring provinces to inspect the operation market and signed orders for trans-regional machine harvests.

The Agricultural Machinery Cooperatives signed an operation agreement with the machine operators to clarify service contents, service standards, service fees and other service contents, and then carried out mechanical operation services in accordance with the agreement, which improved the utilization rate of machinery.

According to Jia Jianguo, Director of the Supervision and Management Division of Shandong Agricultural Machinery Bureau, agricultural machinery cooperatives had fixed service projects, farmer households, regions, and revenue expectations through the implementation of agricultural machinery order operations, forming a “clear operating area, moderate service radius, and solid service targets. The development model of stable operating income and smooth transfer of implements has also relieved the worries of farmers and achieved a "win-win."

Practice has proved that relying on previously signed orders for agricultural machinery, in the summer of this year, most of the agricultural machinery manufacturers in Shandong have made a lot of overflowing, and the wheat harvest has been smooth and orderly, which not only speeds up the progress, grabs the agricultural season, but also “grabbing grain by Longkou”. , Reduced natural disasters, achieved timely harvest of wheat, and made contributions to Shandong's “consecutive increase” of summer grain.

Agricultural machinery hosting services become a trend

This summer in Sanxia, ​​migrant workers in Liutangkou Village, Xinzhai Town, Zhangqiu City, can work safely in the company, thanks to the “agricultural machine trusteeship” agreement signed by farmers in the village and Xinzhai Agricultural Machinery Cooperative.

At the beginning of the year, villagers of 4 administrative villages including Xinqiu Agricultural Machinery Cooperative of Zhangqiu City and Liutangkou Village of Xinzhai Township signed the "Agricultural Machinery Trusteeship Agreement" to carry out the agricultural machinery custody service. The service targets include 1962 households of 10,000 mu of land. This means that the villagers in these villages can all use the dispensers.

Ji Zongchang, president of Xinzhai Agricultural Machinery Cooperative Co., Ltd., introduced that “farm custody” means that the right to land contractual management is not changed. Farmers only entrust the management of the land to the cooperative for management. The cooperative charges a certain management fee.

Zhao Junsheng, the manager of the management department of the Agricultural Bureau of Zhangqiu City, believes that the agricultural machinery trusteeship is also an “order operation,” but its content is more abundant. It is not just a wheat operation, but involves farming, planting, and harvesting of various crops. Pre-production, production, and post-natal operations.

Ji Jingchang said that after the land is escrowed, the operators will perform joint operations under the unified deployment of cooperatives, and the efficiency will be increased by 20%. This will not only ensure the operating area, but also increase operating income. Xinzhai Agricultural Machinery Cooperative was established in 2007. It has developed 36 large-scale tractors, 42 wheat combine harvesters, 36 corn combine harvesters and 80 sets of supporting machines, and 2 maintenance service vehicles. It can not only engage in agricultural operations. , It can also carry out agricultural machinery maintenance, new machinery new technology test demonstration and promotion and many other agricultural services.

At present, the mode of land management by agricultural machinery cooperatives under the “custodian” approach is a new exploration of the agricultural service model in Shandong Province and is still in its infancy. Taking Zhangqiu as an example, the area of ​​cultivated land that can be used for large-scale mechanical operations in the city is 750,000 mu, while the area for land custody is only 2%. In Shandong Province, there are only more than 100 farm machinery cooperatives that organize agricultural machinery hosting services.

Jia Jianguo said that the agricultural custody service involves various aspects of pre-production, mid-production and post-production operations of crops. Compared with land circulation management, the risks are much smaller and are more easily accepted by the people. Moreover, the agricultural machinery custody has improved the efficiency of the agricultural machinery operation, reduced the operating cost, and improved the operation effect. Therefore, it has also become the development direction and new trend of the next agricultural machinery service model in Shandong Province.

The service of agricultural machinery hosting refinement became a trend. In the summer of this year, the migrant workers in Liutangkou Village, Xinzhai Town, Zhangqiu City can work safely in the company. This is due to the signing of “farm machine escrow” signed by farmers in the village and Xinzhai Agricultural Machinery Cooperative. "protocol.

At the beginning of the year, villagers of 4 administrative villages including Xinqiu Agricultural Machinery Cooperative of Zhangqiu City and Liutangkou Village of Xinzhai Township signed the "Agricultural Machinery Trusteeship Agreement" to carry out the agricultural machinery custody service. The service targets include 1962 households of 10,000 mu of land. This means that the villagers in these villages can all use the dispensers.

Ji Zongchang, president of Xinzhai Agricultural Machinery Cooperative Co., Ltd., introduced that “farm custody” means that the right to land contractual management is not changed. Farmers only entrust the management of the land to the cooperative for management. The cooperative charges a certain management fee.

Zhao Junsheng, the manager of the management department of the Agricultural Bureau of Zhangqiu City, believes that the agricultural machinery trusteeship is also an “order operation,” but its content is more abundant. It is not just a wheat operation, but involves farming, planting, and harvesting of various crops. Pre-production, production, and post-natal operations.

Ji Jingchang said that after the land is escrowed, the operators will perform joint operations under the unified deployment of cooperatives, and the efficiency will be increased by 20%. This will not only ensure the operating area, but also increase operating income. Xinzhai Agricultural Machinery Cooperative was established in 2007. It has developed 36 large-scale tractors, 42 wheat combine harvesters, 36 corn combine harvesters and 80 sets of supporting machines, and 2 maintenance service vehicles. It can not only engage in agricultural operations. , It can also carry out agricultural machinery maintenance, new machinery new technology test demonstration and promotion and many other agricultural services.

At present, the mode of land management by agricultural machinery cooperatives under the “custodian” approach is a new exploration of the agricultural service model in Shandong Province and is still in its infancy. Taking Zhangqiu as an example, the area of ​​cultivated land that can be used for large-scale mechanical operations in the city is 750,000 mu, while the area for land custody is only 2%. In Shandong Province, there are only more than 100 farm machinery cooperatives that organize agricultural machinery hosting services.

Jia Jianguo said that the agricultural custody service involves various aspects of pre-production, mid-production and post-production operations of crops. Compared with land circulation management, the risks are much smaller and are more easily accepted by the people. Moreover, the agricultural machinery custody has improved the efficiency of the agricultural machinery operation, reduced the operating cost, and improved the operation effect. Therefore, it has also become the development direction and new trend of the next agricultural machinery service model in Shandong Province.