1, rice pest control technology
(1) Rice seedling stage. The main diseases and pests are bakanae disease, blight, dry-needle nematode disease, stripe leaf blight, leaf miner, rice water weevil.
Bakanae disease. The prevention and control method is mainly to disinfect the seed, that is, to adopt the chemical soaking, and it can use more than 20% of the 3,400-fold or more, 3500-4000 times of the Sun-Nansu Suspension (Baoxin) or the 3000-5000-times of the Prochloraz (2%). -6 days.
Blight. The main prevention and control method is that acidified bed soil can effectively inhibit virus activity. At present, it is generally applied as a seedling for seedlings to assist in the prevention of the spraying of 1000 times solution of enemy liquid such as dexamethasone. The key is to adopt dry cultivation, sparse planting, and cultivation techniques.
Dry worm disease. One of the prevention and control methods is to control the spread of diseased seeds, and the second is to soak chemicals. 18% of insecticidal double 200 grams can be used to dilute 50 kg of soaked seeds for 40 kg for 48-72 hours; or 17% of bacteria and insects, 15 grams of water, 6 kg of soaked seeds and 5 kg of 48 kg for 48-60 hours. disease). The third is soaking in warm soup. The seeds were pre-soaked in cold water for 4-5 hours, then transferred to 45-47°C water for 5 minutes, immediately transferred to 52-54°C water for 10 minutes, removed and placed in cool water immediately after cooling.
Stripe leaf blight. It is a viral disease transmitted mainly by rice planthoppers as a transmission medium. Control methods: First, chemical soaking. Use 10% imidacloprid wettable powder 500-1000 times or 5% buteneflubendione suspension 800-1000 times liquid soaking for 48 hours; second is chemical seed dressing. 70% Ruisheng (thiamethoxam) dispersant is used, 100 kg per 100 g of seed dressing, or 25 kg of 5% butyroflufenonitrile 50 ml, can be directly sowed after drying, and the third is at the initial stage of seedling air release. During the exposing period, fight drugs on each side. The agent may be sprayed with 35% poison, 10% imidacloprid, 25% buprofezin, 5% fipronil, 25% octacre, or 25% pymetrozine.
Rice leaf miner. The damage period of leaf miners is mainly in seedling stage and transplanting stage. Control methods mainly use chemical control. One is to fight drug treatment in Putian before rice transplanting; the other is to fight drug treatment in Honda after one week of sowing. Select the agent: 48% chlorpyrifos EC, 5% buteneflubendione suspension and other spray. In addition, the affected fields can be drained and fielded or shallow watered.
Rice water weevil. As for the period of rice damage and prevention and control of pesticides, reference may be made to the control of rice leafminer.
(2) Rice vegetative growth period. The main pests and diseases are Spodoptera frugiperda, Stripe leaf blight, Rice blast, and Sheath blight.
II. There are mainly two generations of rice stem borer in our city. Chemical methods can be used for prevention and treatment. The period of prevention and control of a generation of Sable Warts is mainly from late June to early July. The period of prevention and treatment of the second generation of warts is mainly from the end of July to the beginning of August. When the dry sheathing rate in the field reaches 5-8%, it can be controlled. Control agents: 18% insecticide water or dual insecticide spray and spray directly. It is also possible to use 20% triazophos EC, 48% chlorpyrifos EC or 5% butfenacin suspension.
Leaf plague. The main rice blast that occurs during vegetative growth is leafhopper. In recent years, the occurrence of rice leafhoppers has been aggravated with the expansion of planting areas for orders such as the Japanese variety “Koshihikari†and the expansion of rice varieties in Shenyang, Yingkou and Panjin in our city. Control methods: First of all, we must control the introduction of non-disease-resistant varieties and select disease-resistant varieties. Secondly, it is necessary to combine the use of sparse planting, control of nitrogenous fertilizers to stabilize phosphorus and potassium, and reasonably apply zinc fertilizer and silicon fertilizer. Control agent: 40% of Fuji 1, 20% of tricyclazole, 75% of tricyclazole (Yingyan), 2% of kasugamycin (addition of rice) or 100 billion spores/gram of wettable powder of Bacillus subtilis can be used. And other agents dilute the spray. The spraying period is the onset period.
Sheath blight. It is an important obstacle to the increase of rice production in our city. Because of its hidden location, it is often ignored by farmers, so people call it a "dumb disaster."
Prevention and control methods: First, when water is settling, salvage sclerotia floating on the surface of the water. Spent sclerotia should not be placed on field ridges and should be buried deep outside the field. The second is rational fertilization to prevent premature closure. The third is chemical control. Usually from the end of June to the beginning of July, use Jinggangmycin wettable powder or 23% full-spike suspension agent to pour water or spray. Pay attention to the amount of water spray must be sufficient to spray the liquid to the affected area.
(3) The reproductive growth period of rice. The main pests and diseases are rice planthopper, rice leaf roller, panicle blast, rice smut, and bacterial leaf blight.
Rice planthoppers. The rice planthoppers that directly harm the rice in our city are the white planthoppers and white-backed planthoppers. The planthoppers can be used for wintering in the area and can also be relocated outside. The white-tailed planthoppers migrate from the south and have been investigated directly in recent years. The main cause of rice damage in our city is the planthopper, and the severity of damage caused by whitebacked planthoppers is greatly affected by weather conditions. The damage stage of rice planthoppers is mainly the jointing, booting and heading stages of rice.
Control methods: The main prevention and control of drugs, to seize the low age of nymphs, timely fight drugs before the third instar. The control agents can be used as quick-acting agents such as 35% poisonous enemy, 48% chlorpyrifos, 5% butenflufenonitrile, 80% dichlorvos, 20% isoprocarb, 25% imidazole, etc., and the persistence is 10% imidacloprid, 25 9% buprofezin, 5% thiamethoxam, 25% pymetrozine, etc. The above agents can be used alone or in combination with two agents. One agent should not be used for a long time, and each agent should be alternately used for rotation.
Rice leaf roller. Because it cannot be wintered locally, the amount of rice that has been infested in the city will determine its relocation. The number of relocations and the number of relocations are also related to weather conditions and the degree of severity in the South. In recent years, the incidence of rice leaffolders in our city has been very light, but we must not take it lightly.
Control methods: To be closely monitored, in the months of August-September, when the storm is over, we must go to the field to check the amount of moths. Once there are a large number of adults in the field, we must be prepared for prevention. The appropriate period of prevention and control is when the adult peak appears in the field, and the drug is started after 10 days. At this time the larvae are in the 1-2 instar period, and once the drug is used they can receive high control effect. The control agent can be selected from 18% of insecticidal biphasic, 20% of triazophos EC, 48% of chlorpyrifos EC or 5% buteneflupron suspension.
Head and neck. The panicle-necked pheasant is one of the diseases that threaten the largest rice production in the city, and once the disease will cause no harvest. Through many years of production practice, the majority of farmers in our city have concluded a successful prevention and control method, that is, active prevention and control is adopted regardless of species.
Control methods: In the early stage of heading and heading stage of rice, each drug is applied one at a time. The control agents include 40% rice bran (Fuji No. 1), 20% tricyclazole, 75% tricyclazole (Rice Yan), and 2% kasugamycin (addition of rice).
Rice smut. In recent years, it has risen as a major hazard to the city's rice, especially the tight-spike variety. Control methods: First, the selection of disease-resistant varieties. The second is to control the amount of nitrogen fertilizer at the later stage of rice growth. The third is the use of chemical control, prevention and treatment of copper preparations and non-copper preparations. Period of prevention and control: Prevention and treatment with copper preparations should be about 7 days before rice heading, and control with non-copper preparations can be the same as that during the period of head and neck cultivars. The commonly used copper preparations include urea copper and Qufu bacteria, non-copper preparations Jinggangmycin, and 30% Ai You EC.
Bacterial blight. It is a bacterial disease that occurs mostly after the booting of rice and is mainly spread by seeds and straw.
Control methods: First, strengthen quarantine. The second is the selection of disease-resistant varieties. The third is to do a good job of seed disinfection, using strong chlorine fine chemicals soaking, that is, 10 grams of strong chlorine fines mixed with water 5 - 6 kg, soaking 5 -6 kg 12 hours, soaking after sowing seeds. Fourth, spray prevention at the seedling stage, spraying in the 2-3 leaf stage or 2-3 days before transplanting, can be sprayed with strong chlorine extract 500 times. Fifth, in the early stage of the onset of the disease, the onset center was closed with a medicament, and 25% Ye Qingshuang WP or 20% Rungella suspension spray could be used.
2, paddy weed control technology
In view of the occurrence of weeds in paddy fields in our county, combined with the use of chemical herbicides in paddy fields in our county in recent years, chemical weeding in paddy fields in our county should vigorously promote pre-insertion technology.
(1) Chemical weeding in rice breeding fields
Close weeding at the time of sowing. Butachlor mixed with paraquat grass closed weeding per square meter with butachlor 0.2 ml mixed albuginea net 0.1 g, evenly sprayed on the seedbed soil, but also mixed soil, 2-3 kilograms of soil mixed with each bed, Spread evenly on the soil. Closed weed control effect is not ideal, especially when the barnyard grass is not ideally closed, the use of 10% "Qian Jin" 40-60ml for stem and leaf treatment, can achieve good results.
Seedling stems and leaves treated in rice. One-leaf and one-hearted use of the enemy pods for stem and leaf treatment, with 1 -1 liters of 2% diuretic emulsifiable concentrate per acre, even spray, cover the film immediately after spraying, can improve the effect.
(2) Chemical weeding in rice fields
Enclosed weeding techniques before rice transplanting. Insert butachlor with other agents to block the herbicide butachlor 100ml and malbutamol 100ml butachlor 100ml and cyprosulfuron 15g, butachlor 100ml and glucoside 15g, 2-3 days before insertion, After the dredging of the paddy field is completed, the dredging application shall be immediately adopted. When the pesticide is applied, the field shall maintain a 3-5 cm water layer and keep it for 5-7 days. It is the best choice for the modern rice weeding.
The blocks that cannot be closed in time can be closed by post-emergence methods (grasshopper 1.5 leaves). Butachlor mixed with other agents. Use 60% butachlor (to oxalacetate) 100ml per acre and mix one of the following agents; 10% glucosin (10% Han Lexing, 10% Pilosulfuron, 10% Mercury, 10% gram, 10 (Grass) 10-15 grams; 10% harvested (10% rice straw-free, 10% Bensulfuron-methyl) with 15 grams per acre; 30% Weinon (32% ultra-deep) 10-us per acre 15 grams; 10% gold autumn 15-20 grams per acre; 20% Sartorius water dispersible granules use 10-15 grams per acre, after 5-10 days after transplanting, before the application of 1.5 days leaves of barnyardgrass, toxic soil, Fertilizer method, keep water 3-5cm for 3-5 days. This formula is suitable for use in the old rice area, flat land, high cultivation level, strong seedlings, and quick return of seedlings.
New drug use. When paddy weed control is unsatisfactory, “rice rice†and “herd gold†can be used to spray the field weed litters, which can play a good role; due to the higher safety of rice, the amount of rice can be increased. Use when large.
3, Trichosanthes control technology
(1) Pre-enclosed treatment, late stem and leaf spray. In the early stage of effective tillering of rice, Bendazosone plus dimethyltetrachlorosilane was used for stem and leaf spray. 48% per acre with 48% Benzonason mix 56% dimethyl tetrachlorohydrin 25 grams watered 45 liters, selected high temperature sunny spray. 46% Shakotan 150-200ml or 34% except 150-200ml watered spray can also be used. The day before the application, it was discharged into the field water, and irrigation was performed on the second day after application.
(2) Once twice-enclosed weed control Trichoderma spp., 10-15 days after the closure with the acaricide mixed with broad-leaved herbicide, and when the height of the Trichoria maxima is 3-5cm, the medicine is used once per mu. Only one of the following agents can be used: 30% Weinon (32% ultra-fear) 15g or 10% agricultural use per mu (10% rice straw, 10% Bensulfuron) 90g Poisonous soil method.
Note: 1: butachlor at low temperature conditions, the depth of flooding of the rice leaves have phytotoxicity.
2: Low-lying land, uneven seedbed and more water in early spring, easy to collect water seedbeds, and it is easy to produce phytotoxicity by closing and weeding. Can take stem and leaf treatment.
3: quinclorac (Gobi, 50% killing, 50% carbazole, 50% carbendazim) is not recommended due to the susceptibility to phytotoxicity, the harsh doses used, and the ease with which weeds produce medicinal properties.
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