1. The breeding techniques of suckling piglets (1) Ensure that the suckling piglet eats enough breast milk: The only source of nutrition for the piglets after their birth is breast milk. Only the full breast milk can ensure the nutritional needs of its growth. With the increase of age and weight, it needs The amount of breast milk increased, but the secretion of breast milk peaked at 21-25 days and gradually decreased. Therefore, in order to ensure normal growth, breast milk alone cannot meet the nutritional needs of piglets. This requires timely feeding of piglets; (2) Pay attention to feed: piglets feed should be early, the implementation of early feeding, on the one hand can exercise the digestive function of piglets, on the other hand can supplement the lack of breast milk, generally from 6 to 7 days after birth to start to induce piglets to eat, after After 2 weeks of training, a certain amount of feed can be consumed by 3 weeks of age. Feed for piglets includes concentrate feed, green feed, mineral feed, and vitamin feed. In the supplementary feeding process, concentrate feed should be taken from pellets to powder, from little to more gradually. The green and blue succulent feed should be chopped or beaten and mixed with the concentrate. The mineral feed should be broken and mixed. Special attention should be paid to the supplement of trace elements such as iron and copper. 2. Feeding techniques for weaned piglets The nutritional needs of piglets are shifted from breast milk and feed supply to feed only. This change in conditions gives piglets a stress stimulus. Often the piglets lose their appetite and their digestive power diminishes. Therefore, the feed has a good palatable, balanced nutrition and is easy to digest. The diet should contain the energy, crude protein, minerals, and vitamins needed to grow bone and muscle. Weanling piglets should be dominated by concentrates and be diversified. Energy feeds such as corn, barley, sorghum, soybean meal in protein feed, and beans are all good feeds. At the beginning of weaning, the amount of feed should be controlled, and the control range should be 80%. Then you can eat freely. The form of feed should be powder and granules. 3. Feeding techniques for growing pigs (1) According to the growth characteristics of growing pigs and their nutritional requirements, a reasonable diet is prepared. (2) Scientifically modulating the diet: In order to improve the palatability and improve the feed efficiency of the feed, chopped and beaten the raw feed for the green roughage, so as to reduce the volume and reduce the waste. It can be formulated into various forms such as pellets, dry powders, wet mixes and thinners. In current production, there are often two kinds of powder and wet mix. (3) Feeding technology: In the feeding of pigs, there are two kinds of free-feeding and limited-feeding: Free-feeding means that there is enough full-priced compound feed in the pig's trough to allow the pig to feed freely. Drinking water. The limited feeding is consciously controlling the amount of feed, generally controlling 80% of free-feeding or adding indigestible cellulosic feed to the diet. To reduce the energy concentration. Controls the intake of energy protein. For the small pig growing period, depending on its use, the feeding method can be used flexibly. For the experimental animals, limited feeding can be used to reduce weight gain. For example, as a suckling suckling pig, free feed intake can be used to increase the weight gain rate. As for feeding times, it is advisable to feed 2 to 3 times a day. 4. Feeding techniques for pregnant sows (1) During the preparation of diets, the characteristics of the two key periods must be maintained. In the early pregnancy, the ration of the diet should be dominated by green roughage, and the proportion of concentrates should not exceed 40%. The quality of green roughage, late pregnancy, dietary concentrate feed can account for 60 to 70%, less feeding roughage, reduce the volume, in addition, it is strictly prohibited feeding mildew, rot deterioration, freezing harmful and strong irritating feed. (2) The amount of feeding should be strictly controlled, and the limited feeding should be carried out. The daily feeding should be about 1.5 kilograms. Avoid feeding too much fat, otherwise it will reduce reproductive performance and cause dystocia. In the production, the amount of feed is controlled by controlling weight gain. For small pigs, 15 kg is appropriate. Recommended sow feeding system: 1 to 80 days of pregnancy, 1.0 to 1.3 kilograms of full-strength feed, 10 green feed, as much as 81 to 110 days, 1.3 to 1.5 kilograms, full price of ingredients, ten green feed, 110 to delivery, 1.0 to 1.2 kilograms, full price cooperation Feed ten small amount of green feed. 5. Feeding techniques for lactating sows (1) Feeding methods: Nursing sows secrete large amounts of nutrients from milk every day for the needs of piglets, and the nutritional burden is very heavy. Therefore, the weight of sows during lactation decreased, especially sows with high milk yield. In order to ensure normal lactation and to minimize weight loss, as well as normal reproduction during the next breeding season, intensive feeding should be performed throughout the period of lactating sows. (2) When formulating diets according to standards, the dietary structure should be based on energy-protein feeds, which account for 85-90% in the early period of breastfeeding, 80-85 in the middle period, 75-80% in the late period of lactation, and pay attention to the ratio of the refined to the roughage. In the early period, the proportion of concentrates accounted for 75-80% of the nutritive substances, gradually increasing the crude forage, diets should be diversified, and be relatively stable, changing to constant or less. (3) feeding technology. a. After sowing, the sow is extremely tired, weak in physical strength, and digestive function has not yet returned to normal. It is advisable to feed on easily digestible feeds, such as grain flour, wheat husband, etc., and the amount of feeding is less, after 3 to 4 days the transition. To the normal amount of feed. b. During the peak period of lactation, feeding should be strengthened to ensure that the nutritional requirements of lactation are met or exceeded, so as to maximize the lactation of the sow. c. In order to increase feed intake, the number of feedings should be increased to try to eat as much as possible. In the feed form, wet mixes and thick stocks should be suitable. Example of a good feeding system: Feed the right amount of wheat porridge on the day of delivery, and drink 0.5 kg of full-price material on the first day of the day after heavy drinking. All meals will be green, 0.7 kg of full-price material on the second day after delivery, and After the first 3 to 5 days of food, 1 kg of full-price material, green material, any food, 5 to 7 days, 1.2 kg of full-price material, green material, 8 to 32 days of food, 1.1 kg of full-price material, green material After the food is delivered, the total amount of 1.2 kg of full-price material is on the 33rd day after delivery. The green feed will cost 0.5 kg of full-cost feed on the 34th day after delivery. The green feed will not add the full price on the 35th day after the food is dispensed. Pig rearing technology (1) Diet structure, boars should use fine material as pig, and the structure of the diet should be changed according to the burden of breeding. During the period of mating, energy feed and protein feed should account for 80 to 90% of the total. About 10%, during non-matching species, the energy protein feed should be reduced to 70 ~ 80%, the rest can be met by green roughage. (2) Feeding techniques: The feed intake of the diet should be controlled, and the daily feeding should be timed and quantified. Generally weighing less than 25 kg, 0.9 kg per head per day, 25 to 30 kg, 1.1 kg, 30 kg or more, 1.5 kg. Dietary volume should be appropriate, do not feed a large volume of feed, so as not to cause a belly, affect the use of breeding. The boar feed form is preferably wet mix, twice daily. Feeding should be less frequently fed to increase boar appetite and enhance digestion. China Agricultural Network Editor
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