In the process of feeding guinea fowls, according to the characteristics of guinea fowls resistant to rough feeding, wide adaptability, strong disease resistance, and good homing characteristics, vigorously promote mountain grazing, not only can improve the nutrient composition of meat, but also reduce the cost of raising and increase. Economic benefits. The grazing and management techniques for guinea fowls in the mountains are summarized as follows: I. Feeding and management during the brooding period The chicks are delicate, weak and resistant to environmental conditions. They are inconvenient to grazing and must be housed indoors. (1) The guinea fowl with its broken wings must be winged, and it is usually carried out on the first day of life. The method is to cut the hocks with sterile scissors and then stop the blood with a soldering iron. Note that for each cut, the scissors should be treated with alcohol once. (b) The hatchling young chicks are delicate and sensitive to temperature. The room temperature within one week of age should be kept between 34°C and 36°C. After that, the temperature will gradually decrease with the increase of the age, and will decrease by 2°C to 3°C per week until 21°C. After 6 weeks of age, it can adapt to natural temperatures. (3) Drink chickens for 24 to 36 hours after hatching. Drink 50% sugar water first, and then wait for 2 to 3 hours before feeding the soft ground rice or dried corn flour soaked in the air. Within the first week, 0.1% vitamin C or vitamin B can be added to drinking water. 2 to 3 days after the start of feeding formula feed. Feed 6 to 7 times daily at 10 days and feed 5 to 6 times daily at 10 to 30 days. After 5 days of age, chopped green fodder can be given to chickens to feed freely. Currently used feed formulas are: corn 50%, wheat 3%, wheat bran 2%, bean cake 31%, Fish Meal 12%, bone meal 1.1%, salt 0.4%, multivitamins and trace elements 0.5%. Meat broiler feed can also be used to feed guinea fowl. (4) The epidemic prevention program of guinea fowls is the same as that of ordinary chickens, ie, chloramphenicol or norfloxacin is used for preventing white plague and typhoid fever at the age of one week; Newcastle disease II system seedlings are used for nasal drops on the seventh day; vaccinia is punctured on the tenth day; On the 14th to the 40th day of age, anticoccidial drugs were evenly mixed in the feed to prevent coccidiosis. (5) Training To facilitate the management of grazing in the future, after 3 days of age, guinea fowls should be adjusted by applying the conditioned reflex principle. The method is to feed 6 times a day at regular intervals, each time sending a signal (whistle or bamboo knocking), after the food is eaten, and after the food is eaten, the bucket is put away, leaving only the drinking fountain to ensure drinking water. After insisting on using the same information, each time the signal is used, it should be fed in a timely manner. Do not let the chicken down. Second, the growing period of grazing management of pearl chicken house feeding to 6 weeks or so can choose sunny grazing. The plumage begins to plump, appetite is strong, and growth is rapid. 100-200 grazing herds are suitable, and the group is too large, and it is easy to disperse naturally due to insufficient feeding, resulting in difficulty in management. Grazing should follow the principles of being near and far and constantly changing pastures. When grazing, special care should be taken. When the flock is too scattered or runs too far, call it with a signal, feed it, and prevent it from being lost. Although the guinea fowl has a strong diet and a very complex diet, in order to accelerate its growth rate, it is necessary to supply fine ingredients after the chicken is returned every evening. The feed formulation was: corn 52%, bran 14%, wheat 8%, bean cake 12%, fish meal 4%, grass powder 5%, shell powder 1.5%, bone meal 1.5%, salt 0.5%, methionine and lysine 0.25%, trace elements and multi-dimensional 0.5%. For chicken guinea fowl, it can be sold when it weighs about 1.5 kg. To speed up the rate of fattening, in addition to supplying full-priced feed, fast fattening can be used to speed up fattening and early slaughter. The methods are as follows: (1) Quick fattening method for summer: Take 600 grams of dried chili, 1150 grams of licorice, 1150 grams of ginger powder, 350 grams of fennel, 1150 grams of Acanthopanax, 600 grams of ferrous sulfate, 5000 grams in total, mix and grind Into the powder, fed once a day, each time feeding 0.5 to 1 g per chicken, can be fed in the feed. After feeding, guinea fowls increased their appetite, their hair color was bright, their moulting period was shortened, and their weight gain was significantly accelerated. (b) The winter fast fattening method takes 1200 g of ginger powder, 2,500 g of cinnamon, 450 g of bilberry, 400 g of fennel, and 450 g of ferrous sulfate, for a total of 5000 g. The processing, feeding methods, and effects are the same as those for the summer fast fattening method. . III. Grazing Management of Egg-laying Breeders Breeders need to grow to 4 months of age before they can distinguish between males and females based on the crown and body shape. The crown is big and red, and the body is a cock with a high back camel. The crown is small and yellow, and the body is a hen. The roosters must choose lively and vigorous breeds with eyes, muscles, thick bones, full plumage, luster, energetic, and a weight of over 1.75 kilograms. The hens must have such things as great eyes and eyes, moderate fatness, full body, wide anus and strong appetite. The ratio of male to female is preferably 1:3 to 4. The year of use of the rooster is 1 year. If the hen can be used for 2 to 3 years, it must be eliminated. Every spring, when the temperature rises to 20°C, the guinea fowl will start production. From April to November, it will be the egg production period. Generally, it will produce more than 150 eggs each year. Therefore, when the temperature reaches more than 10 degrees, it is necessary to start feeding and invigorating production. At this time, the feed is to be nutritionally comprehensive and diverse, with a metabolic energy of not less than 11.7 MJ/kg and crude protein of 16%. Its feed formula is: corn52 %, wheat 8%, wheat bran 10%, grass powder 6%, bean cake 14%, fish meal 5%, bone meal 2.5%, shell powder 1.5%, table salt 0.5%, trace elements and multi-dimensional elements 0.5%. At the same time, management also adopts a combination of grazing and captivity. That is, in the morning, the grazing is called at 8 or 9 o'clock. The chicken house is ready for feed and water, and is free to feed. After 3 o'clock in the afternoon, it is grazing. In the evening, it takes chickens and uses a red light in the house. Extend the light to 10 o'clock in the evening; feed and water should be put in the chicken house at night so that the chicken can feed freely under the lamp so that it can prevent it from laying out eggs. Nests of guinea fowls should be made larger and shallow to prevent the death of litters. In general, large earth bricks surround a two-meter square wall in the dark corner of the coop, and the grass is covered with hay. Guinea fowl generally do not hug nests. Eggs must be hatched artificially or hatched with chickens. China Agricultural Network Editor
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