Astragalus membranaceus is a warm tropical freshwater fish, widely distributed, adaptable, economic value and medicinal value are very high, deeply favored by the consumers of the factory. However, at present, there are few successful artificial rearing, mainly conventional pond culture, which is prone to diseases and hibernating hibernation affects the annual cultivation.
Cultivation of astragalus in a plastic greenhouse can be continuously produced throughout the year. Soilless aquaculture can effectively control diseases and increase the benefits exponentially. The optimum growth temperature for Astragalus is 27°C-30°C. Using plastic greenhouses, no special heating equipment is required. This temperature is easily maintained in spring, summer and autumn sheds. Even in cold winters, the shed temperature can reach 20°C on average. Micro-flowing water is maintained in the rearing pond and water quality will not deteriorate.
The technology of aquaculture without water in plastic greenhouses is now described as follows:
- Build a breeding pond.
1. Open style. Suitable for years of pools with warm water. The advantage is that the flow rate is stable and suitable for larger-scale operations. The problem is that there are regional limitations. The rearing pond is made of brick and cement. The area of ​​each pond is 10-20 square meters, the depth of the pond is 40 centimeters, the width is 1-2 meters, and the pond is 20-40 centimeters wide. In the relative position of the pool, two inlet pipes and one drain pipe with a diameter of 3-4 cm are provided. The height of the inlet pipe and the bottom of the pool; the height of the drainage pipe is equal to the bottom of the pool, and the height of the drainage pipe is 5 cm above the bottom of the pool. Arrange several tanks side by side into one unit, preferably no more than 500 square meters per unit area.
2. Closed loop filter type. Suitable for use in big cities or where water is scarce. The advantage is that the water for rearing can be reused, the water consumption is less, and the temperature is easy to control, but the investment is slightly larger. The construction method of the rearing pond is the same as the open style. In addition, aeration tanks, sedimentation tanks, and some water purification equipment, pumping equipment, and heating equipment must be built. The construction of plastic sheds is the same as ordinary sheds. It is better that each unit is placed in the same shed so that it can be easily managed.
2. After the larvae have been put into use, the total drainage holes shall be plugged, and the water shall be drained after filling the pool water for 5-7 days. The water shall be drained, then the drainage holes under the bottom shall be plugged, and the water shall be discharged to maintain the micro-flowing water in each pool. In centimeters, you can stock up now. The quail species require 10 ppm of malachite green solution to be sterilized for 20-30 minutes prior to stocking to prevent saprophytic disease and eliminate parasites on the surface of the salmon. The length of bathing time is flexibly controlled by the ability of Astragalus. The species should be stocked in a timely manner after disinfection, and 4-5 kilograms of glutinous rice varieties of 35-50 pieces per kilogram should be placed. However, pay attention to the size of the same species in the same pool to avoid large food.
Third, feed feed
Astragalus is a carnivorous fish and prefers fresh feed. After stocking for 2-3 days, chop, snail, frog meat, etc. were chopped and put on the bait station for feeding, and the water flow was appropriately increased. The first feeding amount can be 1%-2% of the total weight of Astragalus. The next morning check, if all can be eaten, the feeding amount when re-feeding will increase to 2%-3% of the total weight of the Astragalus, and then gradually increase to about 5%. With the increase in eating. In the feed can be mixed into cocoons, fly maggots, cooked animal viscera and blood meal, fish meal, bean cakes, rapeseed cakes, bran, rice bran, melon, etc. until they are fully fed artificial feed to reduce the cost but make the feed Protein content should be 35%-40%. When the Astragalus eats normally, the feeding time is from 8-9 in the morning and from 2-3 in the afternoon. Fourth, the daily management of this feeding method, due to clear water quality, as long as the feed is sufficient, jaundice generally do not escape. However, care must be taken to prevent natural enemies such as rats and snakes from being harmed. After rearing for a period of time, the size and size of the jaundice in the same pool appear to be uneven and must be reared separately in time. After being raised for 5-6 months, it can be listed on the market, 6-10 pieces per kilogram, and the survival rate can reach more than 90%.
Fifth, the prevention and treatment of diseases using this method of breeding jaundice, rarely disease, but it should also deal with the following diseases:
1 "cold" disease. The temperature difference between the original water and the new water is too large. As long as the water temperature is adjusted to make it stable, it can prevent and treat the disease.
2 capillary nematode disease. Parasitized in the body of salmon, causing fish to lose weight and death, accompanied by edema, anal swelling. For every kilogram of Astragalus, use 90% crystals of Trichlorfon 0.1 g, stir in the feed and feed for 6 consecutive days.
3 plum spot disease. Carcasses have bean-sized spots of sore spots at the size of soybeans. In addition, the water body should be sterilized frequently. Disinfection can be quicklime, the amount of 100-150 g/m3, malachite green (CuSO4). Dosage 0.7 g/m3, bleach, dosage 10 g/m3.
Cultivation of astragalus in a plastic greenhouse can be continuously produced throughout the year. Soilless aquaculture can effectively control diseases and increase the benefits exponentially. The optimum growth temperature for Astragalus is 27°C-30°C. Using plastic greenhouses, no special heating equipment is required. This temperature is easily maintained in spring, summer and autumn sheds. Even in cold winters, the shed temperature can reach 20°C on average. Micro-flowing water is maintained in the rearing pond and water quality will not deteriorate.
The technology of aquaculture without water in plastic greenhouses is now described as follows:
- Build a breeding pond.
1. Open style. Suitable for years of pools with warm water. The advantage is that the flow rate is stable and suitable for larger-scale operations. The problem is that there are regional limitations. The rearing pond is made of brick and cement. The area of ​​each pond is 10-20 square meters, the depth of the pond is 40 centimeters, the width is 1-2 meters, and the pond is 20-40 centimeters wide. In the relative position of the pool, two inlet pipes and one drain pipe with a diameter of 3-4 cm are provided. The height of the inlet pipe and the bottom of the pool; the height of the drainage pipe is equal to the bottom of the pool, and the height of the drainage pipe is 5 cm above the bottom of the pool. Arrange several tanks side by side into one unit, preferably no more than 500 square meters per unit area.
2. Closed loop filter type. Suitable for use in big cities or where water is scarce. The advantage is that the water for rearing can be reused, the water consumption is less, and the temperature is easy to control, but the investment is slightly larger. The construction method of the rearing pond is the same as the open style. In addition, aeration tanks, sedimentation tanks, and some water purification equipment, pumping equipment, and heating equipment must be built. The construction of plastic sheds is the same as ordinary sheds. It is better that each unit is placed in the same shed so that it can be easily managed.
2. After the larvae have been put into use, the total drainage holes shall be plugged, and the water shall be drained after filling the pool water for 5-7 days. The water shall be drained, then the drainage holes under the bottom shall be plugged, and the water shall be discharged to maintain the micro-flowing water in each pool. In centimeters, you can stock up now. The quail species require 10 ppm of malachite green solution to be sterilized for 20-30 minutes prior to stocking to prevent saprophytic disease and eliminate parasites on the surface of the salmon. The length of bathing time is flexibly controlled by the ability of Astragalus. The species should be stocked in a timely manner after disinfection, and 4-5 kilograms of glutinous rice varieties of 35-50 pieces per kilogram should be placed. However, pay attention to the size of the same species in the same pool to avoid large food.
Third, feed feed
Astragalus is a carnivorous fish and prefers fresh feed. After stocking for 2-3 days, chop, snail, frog meat, etc. were chopped and put on the bait station for feeding, and the water flow was appropriately increased. The first feeding amount can be 1%-2% of the total weight of Astragalus. The next morning check, if all can be eaten, the feeding amount when re-feeding will increase to 2%-3% of the total weight of the Astragalus, and then gradually increase to about 5%. With the increase in eating. In the feed can be mixed into cocoons, fly maggots, cooked animal viscera and blood meal, fish meal, bean cakes, rapeseed cakes, bran, rice bran, melon, etc. until they are fully fed artificial feed to reduce the cost but make the feed Protein content should be 35%-40%. When the Astragalus eats normally, the feeding time is from 8-9 in the morning and from 2-3 in the afternoon. Fourth, the daily management of this feeding method, due to clear water quality, as long as the feed is sufficient, jaundice generally do not escape. However, care must be taken to prevent natural enemies such as rats and snakes from being harmed. After rearing for a period of time, the size and size of the jaundice in the same pool appear to be uneven and must be reared separately in time. After being raised for 5-6 months, it can be listed on the market, 6-10 pieces per kilogram, and the survival rate can reach more than 90%.
Fifth, the prevention and treatment of diseases using this method of breeding jaundice, rarely disease, but it should also deal with the following diseases:
1 "cold" disease. The temperature difference between the original water and the new water is too large. As long as the water temperature is adjusted to make it stable, it can prevent and treat the disease.
2 capillary nematode disease. Parasitized in the body of salmon, causing fish to lose weight and death, accompanied by edema, anal swelling. For every kilogram of Astragalus, use 90% crystals of Trichlorfon 0.1 g, stir in the feed and feed for 6 consecutive days.
3 plum spot disease. Carcasses have bean-sized spots of sore spots at the size of soybeans. In addition, the water body should be sterilized frequently. Disinfection can be quicklime, the amount of 100-150 g/m3, malachite green (CuSO4). Dosage 0.7 g/m3, bleach, dosage 10 g/m3.
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