Yesterday Xiaobian introduced the high-yield cultivation techniques of corn and the main pest control. Friends who want to know about corn planting technology can continue to read this article. This article takes Fuyang City as an example to explain the high-yield cultivation techniques of corn in Fuyang City. .
Fuyang City belongs to the alluvial plain of Huanghuaihai. It has flat terrain, fertile soil, sufficient sunshine and convenient irrigation and drainage. It is a dominant production area for corn. The corn production in Fuyang City is not only high in yield, but also good in quality.
1 Variety selection and seed treatment
When purchasing corn varieties, try to choose large-scale products with good brand reputation. You can use high-quality, high-yield and multi-resistant corn hybrids such as Weike 702, Xianyu 335, Longping 206, Qidan 20 and Zhengdan 958.
The seed is selected to screen the kernels that are full, disease-free, and insect-free. At present, most of the corn seeds in the market have been seed-coated during production and processing. For the uncoated seeds, the coating is applied in strict accordance with the labeling amount. Before the sowing, choose to dry in the morning, usually for 2~3d, to kill some germs and increase the germination rate of the seeds.
2 timely broadcast
As the saying goes, "Spring is competing for the summer," the summer corn planting should be highlighted and the early broadcast. The live corn is sown by the shovel after the wheat harvest in the first half of June, and the wheat ridge can be sown from 3 to 7 days before the harvest from late May to early June. Sowing requires irrigation under the seed or after sowing to ensure that all seedlings and seedlings are planted. For clay soils with good grievances, the shallow sandy loam should be properly sowed, and the loose sandy loam can be properly sowed. The general sowing depth is 4~6 cm. For soils with poor soil moisture, poor soil preparation, serious underground pests and saline-alkali land. Increase the amount of seeding.
3 Chatian seedlings, and time seedlings and seedlings
After the emergence of corn, it is necessary to carry out investigation and remediation of seedlings in time. There are two main methods for replenishing the seedlings: one is to transplant the seedlings and replant, usually in the afternoon or on cloudy days, and the seedling age is preferably two to four leaves, after planting. Watering. The second is to germination and replanting, that is, soaking seeds and germination in advance, and replanting at the right time.
According to the soil fertility status and the characteristics of maize varieties, the suitable sowing density was determined. Under the condition of high-fertilizer water, the large-ear type variety was fixed at 52,500 plants/hm, and the dense-tolerant variety was fixed at 67,500 plants/hm. During the seedlings of the three-leaf seedlings, the five-leaf stage is fixed, and the time is selected after the noon on sunny days, and the diseased, over-grown, mixed, and weak-strained plants are separated. When planting seedlings, keep more than 5% of the planned density.
4 Fertilizer management
Fertilization in the early stage of corn can be carried out by applying seed fertilizer or seedling fertilizer. The seed fertilizer is planted and the fertilizer is applied in one shot at the time of sowing, and is generally applied below the side of the seed 3 to 5 cm. The plots that are not applied with the seed fertilizer should be applied to the seedlings. The seedlings can be applied before the leaves of 5 to 6 leaves of the corn, and evenly spread along the side of the seedlings (depth 15-20 cm). The application rate of seed fertilizer or seedling fertilizer can be 30%~40% of the total nitrogen fertilizer and all the phosphate fertilizer, potassium fertilizer and organic fertilizer. The total amount of pure N, P2O5 and K2O under the high fertility level is 300, 60, 75 respectively. Kg/hm.
In the period from the jointing of the corn to the big bell, the application of nitrogen fertilizer can be applied to about 60% of the total nitrogen, and the deep application of the ditch is about 10 cm on the side of the row or applied at the side of the plant. The ear of corn is a critical period of water demand, and it is easy to form a “card neck droughtâ€. It should be irrigated according to the weather conditions and soil moisture, and it should be drained in time.
The flower grain fertilizer is mainly suitable for high-yield fields, high-density and post-fertilization fields. In the early stage of tasseling to grain filling, 10% of total nitrogen is applied. Combined with watering or strip application, potassium dihydrogen phosphate or urea can also be used. Foliar spray application. In the later stage of corn growth, it is necessary to keep the soil in good condition and achieve timely irrigation and drainage.
5 Chemical regulation
The chemical regulation technology is mainly for the fields with good water and fertilizer conditions, strong growth, high planting density and easy lodging of varieties. During the chemical control, the corn can be used in the case of 7 to 10 pieces of leaves at 450 m L/hm and 300 kg/hm, and sprayed evenly on the upper leaves on sunny days to avoid heavy spray or leakage.
6 pest and disease control
The seedling disease mainly prevents corn rough disease, dwarf mosaic disease, etc. For the field with the trend of rough disease and dwarf mosaic disease, timely killing the planthoppers, aphids, etc. in the field, can add virus A, virus Kang Wait for the drug to be controlled. The seedling pests mainly include tigers, armyworms, mites, and thrips. Seeding with toxic soil or seed coating at the time of sowing, sprayed with 40% omethoate or 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate after emergence.
At the small trumpet stage, attention should be paid to the prevention and treatment of diseases such as large spot disease, small spot disease, Curvularia leaf spot and rust. 50% chlorothalonil WP, 50% carbendazim WP or 70% can be used in the early stage of the disease. Spray control of thiophanate-methyl WP. The mixture was mixed with fine sand with 1.5% phoxim granules and then sprinkled into the heart to control corn borer.
In the flowering stage, the control of diseases such as corn bacterial wilt, rust, Curvularia leaf spot, large spot disease, small spot disease, corn borer, aphid, and red spider are made. The rust prevention can be sprayed with 15% powder rusting wettable powder or 10% difenoconazole; the control of various leaf spot and bacterial wilt can be carried out with 80% mancozeb WP or 50% carbendazim WP. Spray; control corn mash can be sprayed with 2.5% cyhalothrin emulsifiable concentrate, or 5% beta-cypermethrin emulsifiable concentrate, or 75% ravivain.
Before the emergence of corn, the corn field is closed and weeded when the soil is moist and the moisture is suitable. Pre-emergence herbicides have higher safety for corn production and less phytotoxicity. For plots with good sensation, we can take pre-emergence weeding, spray 40% yam mixture or 33% pendimethalin (Shi Tianbu) emulsifiable concentrate; the plots with poor sputum can choose post-emergence weeding, in corn seedlings 3~ 5 leaves, weeds from the second to the fifth leaf stage, spray 4% nicosulfuron suspension (Yu Nong Le).
7 timely harvest
The ripening period of corn is the most suitable harvest period. It should be harvested 7-10 days after the yellowing of the loquat leaves, when the milk line disappears and the black layer of the base appears.
This is the case today about the high-quality and high-yield cultivation techniques for corn in Fuyang City. Interested farmers friends can learn more.
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