Medical Network April 10 News Metformin has been found to have a new role - or can reduce the risk of miscarriage and premature birth in a particular pregnant woman.
Recently, the latest study published in the Lancet publication shows that metformin may reduce the risk of miscarriage and premature birth in a particular pregnant woman.
â– may reduce the risk of miscarriage in a particular pregnant woman
According to reports, scientists from the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) and St.Olavs Hospital conducted a study for nearly 20 years. Patients with polycystic ovary syndrome who took metformin at the end of the third trimester of pregnancy may reduce late abortion and The risk of preterm birth.
From 2000 to 2017, the research team conducted three controlled studies on nearly 800 PCOS pregnant women, in 15 hospitals in Norway, 4 hospitals in Sweden, and a hospital in Iceland.
Half of the pregnant women took metformin (2000 mg) daily from the early pregnancy to delivery, and the remaining pregnant women took a placebo as a control.
The results show that this intervention can reduce the risk of abortion and preterm birth in pregnant women with PCOS. At the same time, women taking metformin gained less weight during pregnancy.
â– gestational diabetes or no effect
However, to the surprise of the research team, taking metformin did not reduce the incidence of gestational diabetes in this group of patients with polycystic ovary syndrome.
At the same time, metformin did not have a significant effect on pre-eclampsia and pregnancy-induced hypertension .
The author of the article, Professor Eszter Vanky, said that metformin could not prevent gestational diabetes, which is probably the most significant finding.
Because metformin is a typical drug for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, it is used as a first-line treatment for gestational diabetes in some countries, equivalent to insulin. However, this latest study gives a "negative" answer.
â– combined medication or can treat triple-negative breast cancer
Recently, a team led by Dr. Marsha rich rosner of the University of Chicago found that metformin combined with another old drug, hemothermic, can target triple-negative breast cancer that seriously threatens women's health .
And there is evidence that this treatment strategy may be effective for a variety of cancers such as lung cancer, kidney cancer, uterine cancer, prostate cancer and acute myeloid leukemia. The related research is published in the top journal Nature.
As a class of "authoritative" drugs for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, in recent years, metformin has also been found in a variety of new uses.
The following are new findings from the metformin study:
1. Prevent inflammation caused by smog
The results of the study showed that the team led by Professor Scott Budinger of Northwestern University in the United States confirmed that metformin can prevent inflammation caused by smog, prevent immune cells from releasing a dangerous molecule into the blood, inhibit the formation of arterial thrombosis, and thus reduce cardiovascular disease. the risk of disease.
2 , anti-aging effect
At present, the US Food and Drug Administration has approved the clinical trial of “Metformin against agingâ€. The reason why foreign scientists use metformin as an anti-aging drug candidate may be because metformin can increase the amount of oxygen molecules released into cells. In fact, this seems to increase the health of the body and extend the life.
3 , weight loss
Metformin is a hypoglycemic agent that can lose weight. It increases insulin sensitivity and reduces fat synthesis. For many type 2 sugar friends, the weight loss itself is a matter that is conducive to the stability of blood sugar control. A study by the US Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) study group showed that patients who received metformin lost an average of 3.1 kg in an unblinded study for 7 to 8 years.
4 , cardiovascular protection
Metformin has cardiovascular protection and is currently the only hypoglycemic drug recommended by the Diabetes Guidelines for evidence of clear cardiovascular benefit. Studies have shown that long-term treatment with metformin is significantly associated with a decreased risk of cardiovascular disease in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients and type 2 diabetic patients who have developed cardiovascular disease.
5 , improve polycystic ovary syndrome
Polycystic ovary syndrome is a heterogeneous disease characterized by hyperandrogenism, ovarian dysfunction, and polycystic ovary morphology. The pathogenesis is unclear, and patients often have different degrees of hyperinsulinemia. Studies have shown that metformin can improve hyperglotteremia by reducing insulin resistance, restoring its ovulation function.
6 , anti-cancer, inhibition of tumors
In recent years, a number of epidemiological data have shown that metformin also has the effect of preventing tumors and even treating tumors. Lung cancer is a serious health hazard, with high incidence, high mortality, and poor prognosis. 86% of patients die within 5 years after diagnosis. More and more studies suggest that metformin can prevent lung cancer and improve the prognosis of patients with lung cancer.
7. Improve intestinal flora
Studies have shown that metformin can restore the proportion of intestinal flora, making it in a direction that is conducive to health. It provides an advantageous living environment for beneficial bacteria in the intestines, thereby reducing blood sugar and positively regulating the immune system.
8 , is expected to treat part of autism
Recently, researchers at McGill University found that metformin can treat some forms of autism with Fragile X syndrome, and the innovative study was published in Nature, a journal in Nature. Currently, autism is one of many medical conditions that scientists believe can be treated with metformin.
9 , reverse lung fibrosis
Researchers at the University of Alabama at Birmingham have found that in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice, AMPK activity in fibrotic tissue is reduced, and cells are resistant to tissue. Apoptotic myofibroblasts increase.
The use of metformin to activate AMPK in myofibroblasts allows these cells to re-sensitize apoptosis. Moreover, metformin can accelerate the ablation of already produced fibrotic tissue in a mouse model. This study suggests that metformin or other AMPK agonists can be used to reverse the fibrosis that has been produced.
10 , assist in quitting smoking
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania have found that long-term use of nicotine leads to activation of the AMPK signaling pathway, while AMPK signaling pathways are inhibited during nicotine withdrawal. Therefore, they concluded that activating the AMPK signaling pathway with drugs may alleviate the withdrawal response.
Metformin is an AMPK agonist. When the researchers used metformin in mice that developed a nicotine withdrawal response, they found that this relieved the withdrawal response in mice. Their research shows that metformin can be used to help quit smoking.
11 , anti-inflammatory effect
Previously, preclinical studies and clinical studies have shown that metformin not only improves chronic inflammation by improving metabolic parameters such as hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, and dyslipidemia, but also has a direct anti-inflammatory effect. Studies have shown that metformin inhibits the inflammatory response, mainly through the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-dependent or non-dependent manner to inhibit nuclear transcription factor B (NF? B).
12 , reverse cognitive impairment
Researchers at the University of Texas at Dallas have established a mouse model that mimics pain-related cognitive impairment. They used this model to test the efficacy of multiple drugs. The results of the experiment showed that treatment of mice with metformin at 200 mg/kg body weight for 7 days completely reversed the cognitive impairment caused by pain. Gabapentin, which treats neuralgia and epilepsy, does not have this effect. This means that metformin can be used as a new drug to treat cognitive impairment in patients with neuralgia.
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