Wheat scab is a typical climate disease. The pathogen is mainly Fusarium graminearum. Its sexual generation is Gibberella zeae. The germs mainly overwintered and overwintered on crop residues such as corn stalks, root sorghum, and wheat, sweet potatoes, etc. The ascospora shells were formed in the second year. Before and after wheat heading, the most damages occurred and the ascospores gradually matured. From earing to filling stage, ascospores were continuously released. Under appropriate conditions, spores germinated, mainly by the withered anthers invading the spikelets through the filaments, the incidence of the panicles, and the primary infestation of the flowering stage.
The occurrence of wheat head blight is related to factors such as wheat growth period, climatic conditions, and bacteria sources. Especially susceptible to disease within 20 days after full bloom, the highest infection rate in wheat flowering stage. In this period, the temperature is above 15°C, and there are more rainy days, and the disease may become popular. For wheat heading and flowering, continuous rainy weather for more than 3 days, there is a possibility of serious occurrence; within 15-20 days after wheat heading, the number of rainy days exceeds 50%, and the disease may be prevalent. More than 70% of the heading may be a pandemic. General reduction of 2-3%, the annual loss of up to 5-60%. The grain weight and the rate of flour production of the diseased wheat grains are reduced, and the diseased wheat grains contain toxins, and humans and animals are not edible and the loss is heavy.
Due to the short-term outbreak of diseases in the rainy season, prevention and control should seize the favorable opportunity to use pesticides on the road. When the heading temperature is particularly high, heading and flowering are carried out crosswise. If there is continuous rain, we should pay close attention to medication at the full heading stage. If the heading and flowering period has normal temperature, the heading to flowering distance is very short, and the flowering rate should be about 10%. Medication, such as low heading temperature, heading and flowering slowly, can be used before and after full flowering period, select penetrants with good permeability, resistance to rain erosion, and good persistence, such as 25 grams of active ingredient cyanocaine per mu, or 70 grams of thiophanate-methyl, or 80% of carbendazim ultrafine powder 100 grams, if the flowering period is rainy or misty, it should be sprayed again about 7 days after the medicine. In the early stages of field trials, the amount of the above-mentioned chemicals should be appropriately increased in the leakage prevention plots, and the supplements and treatments should be immediately implemented to reduce the harm losses in the later stages of the disease.
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