Release date: 2014-04-25
On April 14, the person in charge of the Precision Heart Instrument Laboratory of the Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiaotong University said that the laboratory researchers have explored a new type of motion-driven artificial heart-like artificial heart. At present, a diameter of 60 mm and a height of 40 mm have been developed. The artificial heart blood pump prototype can simulate the blood flow of the natural ventricle, and it is expected that more heart failure patients will hear the eternal heartbeat in the near future.
Heart transplantation is the gold standard for treating patients with severe heart failure, but the shortage of donor organs limits the clinical application of this option. After more than half a century of development, artificial heart technology has been successfully applied clinically. Thousands of end-stage heart failure patients use artificial heart each year, and the two-year survival rate has exceeded 60%. Artificial heart technology is being developed in the direction of permanent heart assist by providing a bridge for heart transplantation.
However, the artificial heart advection blood pump currently used in clinical practice has the characteristics of small volume, easy implantation, high reliability, etc., but long-term advection ventricular assist can lead to increased gastrointestinal bleeding, insufficient perfusion of internal organs, and coronary The reduction of arterial blood flow and the weakening of vasoconstriction prompted people to realize that the advection blood pump is not ideal.
Early pulsatile blood pumps can provide excellent hemodynamic support, such as promoting ventricular remodeling, reducing vascular impedance, increasing residual blood flow energy, maintaining aortic valve ejection, etc., but driven by pneumatic or electromagnetic forces. The limitations of artificial heart blood pumps are generally large, difficult to implant in patients with small body surface area, and because of the inability to meet the needs of long-term ventricular assist, there has been less and less clinical application in recent years.
In view of the existing artificial heart technology problems, the Precision Heart Instrument Laboratory of the Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiaotong University, from 2006, under the continuous funding of the National Natural Science Foundation, explored a new type of motion-driven artificial heart-like artificial heart, hope The imitation of myocardial motion using the new motion technique reduces blood pump damage to the blood pump while reducing the volume of the blood pump.
The artificial heart blood pump prototype currently developed has a size comparable to that of the advection blood pump currently used in the United States; under the condition of myocardial motion, it can output a flow rate of 2.5 liters per minute. Preliminary in vitro hemolysis experiments and animal model experimental studies have shown that this machine has the potential for clinical application. In addition, in the process of developing a blood pump prototype, the researchers also developed a pneumatic direct ventricular assist device prototype and a simulated extracorporeal circulation device. Related results have been authorized for multiple Chinese invention patents.
As the world's most populous country, China has a large number of end-stage heart disease patients. The research and development of domestic artificial heart has important social significance. The researchers said that although the research on artificial heart can not be completed overnight, there are still some technologies to be broken, but as the country's investment in basic science increases year by year, the various fields supporting artificial heart will make great progress. It is believed that in the near future, several key technologies of artificial heart will eventually make breakthroughs, and artificial heart will better serve the needs of patients with heart failure.
Source: Technology Daily
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