Reasonable fertilization is mainly based on the requirements of fertilizer law, soil fertility, fertilizer type, and the natural conditions and cultivation measures during fertilization, determine the appropriate amount of fertilizer, nutrient allocation ratio, fertilization period and fertilization methods, in order to maximize the use of fertilizer . Maize high-yield fertilization technology is divided into basic fertilizer, seed fertilizer, top dressing and root-spraying fertilizer.
Deep base fertilizer
Basal fertilizer is fertilizer applied before planting, also called base fertilizer, and it should usually be based on high-quality organic fertilizers, supplemented by chemical fertilizers. Its important role is to cultivate fertility, loosen the soil, release nutrients slowly, and supply the growth and development needs of maize at seedling stage and later stage.
Use good fertilizer
Fertilizers are needed for seed germination and seedling growth and are based on fast-acting fertilizers. Because chemical fertilizers, especially nitrogen fertilizers, can cause bad seeds, they should be applied separately from the seeds, with a depth of 8 to 10 cm.
Phase dressing
Miao Fei: There is no use of fertilizer for the plots, combined with the second cultivator to raise the seedlings, the amount is equivalent to the seed fertilizer, add the decomposed oil residue or sheep manure 20 to 30 kg.
Supplementary panicle fertilizer
Maize jointing to tasselling is the period of maximum effect of fertilization. This period is a time when the spike and panicle is in the peak of differentiation, and vegetative growth and reproductive growth go hand in hand. It is a crucial period to determine the size of the ear and the number of grains, and more nutrients and water are needed. The booting fertilizer should adopt the available nitrogen fertilizer, and the amount accounts for about 40% of the total amount of nitrogen fertilizer. It can be applied in combination with open-pit soil and can quickly exert the fertilizer effect after irrigation.
Topdressing flower pellets
The corn has entered the stage of reproductive growth, and more than 90% of the dry matter production in the grain comes from the photosynthetic products of the leaves. Keeping the leaves green at this time and extending the functional period of the leaves is an important measure to increase the grain weight and obtain high yield. Due to the large height of corn plants during this period, field machinery operations could not be carried out, and the land irrigated by drip irrigation or self-pressure hoses may be applied with 5 to 10 kg of drip irrigation special fertilizer or other available nitrogen fertilizer. Or add a certain amount of high-efficiency coating urea when drilling fertilizer, control and delay the release of available nitrogen fertilizer, and extend the urea fertilizer efficiency.
Foliar spraying fertilizer
The foliar spray fertilizer operation is relatively simple, the nutrient elements run fast and has a quick effect. It is a supplement to top-dressing fertilizers, especially for the prevention and treatment of corn deficiency diseases. The types of foliar fertilizers mainly include trace element foliar fertilizers, rare earth micro-fertilizers, organic compound foliar fertilizers, and some biological control agents. It is generally used together with medications and other measures.
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