Winter wheat
(1) Irrigation winter wheat area in the North China Plain. It includes all of Shandong Province and Tianjin City, south central of Hebei Province, south central part of Beijing, north central Henan Province, Guanzhong Plain of Shaanxi Province, and southern Shanxi Province.
1. Fertilization problems and fertilization principles
In view of the excessive application of nitrogen fertilizer in winter wheat in North China Plain, the proportion of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrients is not balanced, the amount of base fertilizer is high, the area of ​​one-time fertilization is increasing, the supply of nitrogen fertilizer is insufficient in the later stage, and the deficiency of trace elements such as sulfur, zinc and boron occurs frequently. The problems of shallow soil ploughing, poor water retention and fertilizer retention, and the following fertilization principles are proposed:
(1) According to the soil fertilization results, the amount of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers should be appropriately reduced;
(2) Nitrogen fertilizer should be applied in different stages, appropriately increase the proportion of application in the middle and late growth stages, and maintain the balance of nutrient supply during the whole growth period;
(3) Apply phosphorus and potassium fertilizers efficiently according to soil fertility conditions; (4) Add organic fertilizers, promote organic and inorganic cooperation, and improve soil water retention and fertilizer retention capacity;
(5) Pay attention to the application of trace elements in sulfur, zinc, boron and manganese;
(6) Improvements should be made to soils that have problems such as acidification, salinization, and compaction.
2. Recommended formula and recommended recommendations for fertilization:
15-20-12 (N-P2O5-K2O) or similar formulation. Fertilization recommendations:
(1) The production level is 400~500 kg/mu, and the recommended dosage of formula fertilizer is 24~30 kg/mu. From the body-building period to the jointing stage, combined with irrigation and topdressing urea 13~16 kg/mu;
(2) The production level is 500~600 kg/mu, and the recommended dosage of formula fertilizer is 30~36 kg/mu. From the start-up period to the jointing stage, combined with irrigation and topdressing urea 16~20 kg/mu;
(3) The production level is above 600 kg/mu, and the recommended dosage of formula fertilizer is 36~42 kg/mu. From the start-up period to the jointing stage, combined with irrigation, 20~23 kg/mu of urea;
(4) The production level is below 400 kg/mu, and the recommended dosage of formula fertilizer is 18~24 kg/mu. From the start-up period to the jointing stage, combined with irrigation and topdressing urea 10~13 kg/mu.
In the sulfur-deficient area, sulfur can be applied at a rate of 2 kg/mu. If other sulfur-containing fertilizers are used, the amount of sulfur can be reduced. In the zinc-deficient or manganese-deficient areas, zinc sulfate or manganese sulfate can be applied at 1~2 kg/mu. The boron area may be applied with borax 0.5~1 kg/mu as appropriate. In combination with "one spray three prevention", spray the trace element foliar fertilizer in the grain filling stage of wheat or spray 50 kg of potassium dihydrogen phosphate 150~200 g plus 0.5~1 kg of urea to 50 kg of water. If the base fertilizer is applied with organic fertilizer, the amount of chemical fertilizer can be reduced as appropriate.
(2) North China rain-fed winter wheat area. It includes the north of the Huaihe River in Jiangsu and Anhui provinces, and the southeastern part of Henan Province.
1. Fertilization problems and fertilization principles
The soil in the rain-fed winter wheat area of ​​North China is dominated by Shajiang black soil, the soil fertility is not high, the available phosphorus is low, and the lack of trace elements such as zinc and boron occurs frequently. The soil is shallow, the water retention capacity is poor, and so on. , propose the following fertilization principles:
(1) According to the results of soil testing and formula fertilization, appropriately reduce the amount of nitrogen fertilizer and increase the amount of phosphate fertilizer;
(2) Adding organic fertilizer, promoting organic and inorganic cooperation, and improving soil water retention and fertilizer retention capacity;
(3) Pay attention to the application of trace elements such as zinc, boron and manganese;
(4) Pay attention to improvement for soils with problems such as acidification, salinization and compaction.
2. Recommended formula and fertilization recommendations 2.1 base chasing combined fertilization program recommended formula:
18-15-12 (N-P2O5-K2O) or similar formulation. Fertilization recommendations:
(1) The production level is 350~450 kg/mu, and the recommended dosage of formula fertilizer is 28~36 kg/mu. From the start-up period to the jointing stage, combined with irrigation and urea, 9~12 kg/mu;
(2) The production level is 450~600 kg/mu, and the recommended dosage of formula fertilizer is 36~47 kg/mu. The period from the start-up period to the jointing stage is combined with irrigation and 12~16 kg/mu of urea;
(3) The production level is 600 kg/mu or more, and the recommended dosage of formula fertilizer is 47-55 kg/mu. The period from the start-up period to the jointing stage is combined with irrigation and the application of urea is 16~19 kg/mu;
(4) The production level is below 350 kg/mu, and the recommended dosage of formula fertilizer is 20~28 kg/mu. From the start-up period to the jointing stage, combined with irrigation and urea, 7~9 kg/mu.
2.2 Recommended formula for one-time fertilization program:
25-12-8 (N-P2O5-K2O) or similar formula. Fertilization recommendations:
(1) The production level is 350~450 kg/mu, and the recommended dosage of formula fertilizer is 39~50 kg/mu, which is used as a base fertilizer for one-time application;
(2) The production level is 450~600 kg/mu, and the recommended dosage of formula fertilizer is 50~67 kg/mu, which is used as a base fertilizer for one-time application;
(3) The production level is above 600 kg/mu, and the recommended dosage of formula fertilizer is 67-78 kg/mu, which is applied as a base fertilizer at one time;
(4) The production level is below 350 kg/mu, and the recommended dosage of formula fertilizer is 28~39 kg/mu, which is used as a base fertilizer for one-time application.
In the zinc-deficient or manganese-deficient areas, zinc sulphate or manganese sulphate may be applied in an amount of 1~2 kg/mu, and in the boron-deficient area, borax may be applied at 0.5~1 kg/mu. In combination with "one spray three prevention", spray the trace element foliar fertilizer in the grain filling stage of wheat or spray 50 kg of potassium dihydrogen phosphate 150~200 g plus 0.5~1 kg of urea to 50 kg of water. If the base fertilizer is applied with organic fertilizer, the amount of chemical fertilizer can be reduced as appropriate.
(3) Winter wheat in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. Including Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Zhejiang and Shanghai, south of Henan Province, Anhui Province and Jiangsu Province, south of the Huaihe River.
1. Fertilization problems and fertilization principles
In view of the fact that the amount of organic fertilizer used in winter wheat in the Yangtze River Basin is small, the nitrogen fertilizer is too high, and the proportion of pre-application is large, and the shortage of trace elements such as sulfur and zinc occurs, the following fertilization principles are proposed:
(1) Adding organic fertilizer, implementing straw returning, combining organic and inorganic;
(2) Appropriately reduce the amount of nitrogen fertilizer, adjust the ratio of base and chasing, and reduce the amount of nitrogen fertilizer used in the early stage;
(3) Phosphorus-deficient soil should be properly applied with phosphate fertilizer or stabilized application of phosphate fertilizer; for phosphorus-rich soil, the amount of phosphate fertilizer should be appropriately reduced.
2. Recommended formula and fertilization recommendations
2.1 Recommended formula for medium and low concentration formula fertilization program:
12-10-8 (N-P2O5-K2O) or similar formula. Fertilization recommendations:
(1) The production level is 300~400 kg/mu, and the recommended dosage of formula fertilizer is 34~45 kg/mu. From the start-up period to the jointing stage, combined with irrigation, the urea is applied 9-12 kg/mu;
(2) The production level is 400~550 kg/mu, and the recommended dosage of formula fertilizer is 45~62 kg/mu. The period from the start-up period to the jointing stage is combined with irrigation to apply urea 12~17 kg/mu;
(3) The production level is 550 kg/mu or more, and the recommended dosage of formula fertilizer is 62-74 kg/mu. From the start-up period to the jointing stage, combined with irrigation, the urea is applied for 17~20 kg/mu;
(4) The production level is below 300 kg/mu, and the recommended dosage of formula fertilizer is 23~34 kg/mu. From the start-up period to the jointing stage, combined with irrigation and urea, 6~9 kg/mu.
2.2 High-concentration formula fertilization program recommended formula:
18-15-12 (N-P2O5-K2O) or similar formulation. Fertilization recommendations:
(1) The production level is 300~400 kg/mu, and the recommended dosage of formula fertilizer is 23~30 kg/mu. From the start-up period to the jointing stage, combined with irrigation and urea, 9~12 kg/mu;
(2) The production level is 400~550 kg/mu, and the recommended dosage of formula fertilizer is 30~42 kg/mu. The period from the start-up period to the jointing stage is combined with irrigation to apply urea 12~17 kg/mu;
(3) The production level is 550 kg/mu or more, and the recommended dosage of formula fertilizer is 42~49 kg/mu. The period from the start-up period to the jointing stage is combined with irrigation and the application of urea is 17~20 kg/mu;
(4) The production level is below 300 kg/mu, and the recommended dosage of formula fertilizer is 15~23 kg/mu. From the start-up period to the jointing stage, combined with irrigation and 6~9 kg/mu of urea.
In the sulfur-deficient area, sulfur can be applied at a rate of 2 kg/mu. If other sulfur-containing fertilizers are used, the amount of sulfur can be reduced. In areas where zinc deficiency or manganese deficiency is used, zinc sulfate or manganese sulfate should be applied 1~2 kg/ mu. In combination with "one spray three prevention", spray the trace element foliar fertilizer in the grain filling stage of wheat or spray 50~200 grams of potassium dihydrogen phosphate plus 0.5~1 kg of urea to 50 kg of water for foliar application.
(4) Rain-fed and dry-crop winter wheat area in the northwest. Including northern Hebei Province, northern Beijing, southern Wulanchabu City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, most of Shanxi Province, northern Shaanxi Province, western Henan Province, northern Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, eastern Gansu Province.
1. Fertilization problems and fertilization principles
In view of the low soil organic matter content in the northwest dry farming and rainfed areas, the lack of precipitation in the winter wheat growing season, the difficulty in fattening in spring, and the insufficient application of organic fertilizer, the following fertilization principles are proposed:
(1) Determine the amount of base fertilizer based on soil fertility and soil water storage conditions; adhere to the fertilization policy of “fertilizing fertilizerâ€, “suiting for nitrogen, stabilizing phosphorus, and supplementing microâ€;
(2) Adding organic fertilizer, promoting organic and inorganic cooperation and appropriate amount of straw returning to the field;
(3) It is mainly based on one-time application of formula fertilizer;
(4) Pay attention to the combined application of trace element fertilizers such as manganese and zinc.
2. Recommended formula and recommended recommendations for fertilization:
28-12-5 (N-P2O5-K2O) or similar formulation. Fertilization recommendations:
(1) The production level is 250~350 kg/mu, and the recommended dosage of formula fertilizer is 24~33 kg/mu, which is used as a base fertilizer for one-time application;
(2) The production level is 350~500 kg/mu, and the recommended dosage of formula fertilizer is 33~48 kg/mu, which is used as a base fertilizer for one-time application;
(3) The production level is above 500 kg/mu, and the recommended dosage of formula fertilizer is 48-57 kg/mu, which is used as a base fertilizer for one-time application;
(4) The production level is below 250 kg/mu, and the recommended dosage of formula fertilizer is 14~24 kg/mu, which is used as a base fertilizer for one-time application.
The farmer's fertilizer is 2~3 square meters/mu. High chlorine-containing fertilizers are banned to prevent the poisoning of chlorine-containing fertilizers on wheat seedlings. In areas where zinc deficiency or manganese deficiency occurs, zinc sulfate or manganese sulfate is applied in an amount of 1 to 2 kg/mu depending on the situation. In combination with "one spray three prevention", spray the trace element foliar fertilizer in the grain filling stage of wheat or spray 50~200 grams of potassium dihydrogen phosphate plus 0.5~1 kg of urea to 50 kg of water for foliar application.
(5) Northwestern irrigation wheat area. Including the central part of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, the northern part of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, the central and western part of Gansu Province, the eastern part of Qinghai Province and the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region.
1. Fertilization problems and fertilization principles
In view of the problems of low soil organic matter content, insufficient application of organic fertilizer and high application of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers in the northwest irrigated wheat area, the following fertilization principles are proposed:
(1) Determine the amount of base fertilizer based on soil fertility and soil water storage conditions; adhere to the fertilization policy of “organic fertilizationâ€, “nitrogen reduction and phosphorus supplementationâ€;
(2) Adding organic fertilizer, promoting organic and inorganic cooperation and appropriate amount of straw returning to the field;
(3) combined with formula fertilizer base and urea top dressing;
(4) Pay attention to the combined application of trace element fertilizers such as manganese and zinc. 2. Recommended formula and recommended recommendations for fertilization:
17-18-10 (N-P2O5-K2O) or similar formulation.
Fertilization recommendations: (1) The production level is 300~400 kg/mu, and the recommended dosage of formula fertilizer is 19~25 kg/mu. From the start-up period to the jointing stage, combined with irrigation and topdressing urea 11~15 kg/mu;
(2) The production level is 400~550 kg/mu, and the recommended dosage of formula fertilizer is 25~35 kg/mu. From the start-up period to the jointing stage, combined with irrigation and topdressing urea 15~20 kg/mu;
(3) The production level is above 550 kg/mu, and the recommended dosage of formula fertilizer is 35~41 kg/mu. From the start-up period to the jointing stage, combined with irrigation, 20~24 kg/mu of urea;
(4) The production level is below 300 kg/mu, and the recommended dosage of formula fertilizer is 13~19 kg/mu. From the start-up period to the jointing stage, combined with irrigation and urea, 7~11 kg/mu.
The farmer's fertilizer is 2~3 square meters/mu. High chlorine-containing fertilizers are banned to prevent the poisoning of chlorine-containing fertilizers on wheat seedlings. In areas where zinc deficiency or manganese deficiency occurs, zinc sulfate or manganese sulfate is applied in an amount of 1 to 2 kg/mu depending on the situation. In combination with "one spray three prevention", spray the trace element foliar fertilizer in the grain filling stage of wheat or spray 50~200 grams of potassium dihydrogen phosphate plus 0.5~1 kg of urea to 50 kg of water for foliar application.
This article URL: 2015 autumn and winter winter wheat scientific fertilization guidance
Sarms Products,Lgd4033,Gw501516,Mk677
Shaanxi Hongbaiyi Biotech Co., Ltd. , https://www.sxhongbaiyi.com