First, scratch rough skin, check rot
Fruit rough skin often hides a variety of diseases, such as red spider mites, star caterpillars, leaf curlers, and rot. After the end of winter shearing, adult fruit trees, such as the winter without scratching rough skin cracks, should be scraped as soon as possible, generally only scraping off rough skin without leaving any gaps, not too deep or too shallow. At the same time, under the tree is covered with plastic film, scraped bark, diseases and insects, etc. are all put away and burned.
In combination with the scraping skin, we will check whether there are rots in trunks, branches, and saws from mid-February. After the discovery, we will scrape together and scrape white parts of the xylem.) Then we apply Tubomei 10 degree lime sulfur mixture and apply it once a month. . For larger patients, re-bridge.
Second, fertilization irrigation, film protection
The orchard without basal fertilization in autumn and winter of last year should be applied immediately after thawing (but the effect is not as good as autumn). After the fertilization, the irrigation ground should be watered once and the soil should be kept in a timely manner. The dryland orchards should be topped with rice, then fertilized and quickly refurbished. The young and the weak trees will then adopt a “belt-like†film to increase the temperature and protect the body and promote the robust growth of the tree. For the method of applying fertilizer, excavate the "ring groove" or "gouzigou" with a width of 50 cm and a depth of 50 cm in the crown projection, apply all of the fall fertilizer, mix it with the soil, and spread it in the tree tray. Shi Chunbei all the top-dressing (multi-component fertilizer, urea, etc.), and then turned into the soil, take advantage of the light. Fertilization requirements: First, try not to hurt the roots with a diameter of 0.5 cm; second, the parts of the tree top dressing should be kept 20 to 30 cm away from the trunk to avoid harming the trunk.
Third, carved buds, sprout buds
It is not easy for the buds in the rear part of the apple varieties to germinate, and the slow branching is often referred to as the "bright leg branch." In order to promote budding and branching, and to reduce light legs, from the end of March to the beginning of April, use the bud 0.5 cm at the top (central main branch) or the front (the main branch and the secondary branch). A knife or small saw blade hurts 1/4 to 1/3 of the xylem. Followed by the central branch of the main branch of the competition (branches), buds, main branches and auxiliary branches of the back (branches) buds removed to avoid sprouting branches, a waste of nutrition, disrupt the tree.
Fourth, tanning, spraying stone lime sulfur agent
Lime-sulfur mixture is still a broad-spectrum, high-efficiency, long-lived, low-cost bactericidal, acaricidal, and insecticidal agent, especially when the fruit trees are sprayed with a higher concentration before and after germination to reduce the number of plague bases. Reducing the use of medications throughout the year and reducing costs has a significant effect.
The tanning of lime sulfur mixture: sulfur powder 10 wounds, quicklime 7 parts, water 60 parts. First, heat the water, take a small amount of hot water, transfer the sulfur powder into a paste and pour it into the pot to boil. Then slowly put the quicklime, increase the firepower, and keep stirring until the lime block is cast for another 45 minutes. Minutes of fire, use warm fire for 30 minutes until the liquid is soy sauce. After cooling, use Bomi's specific gravity to measure the exact concentration. It is generally required that apple trees more than 3 years old should be sprayed with 4 to 5 degrees lime sulfur + 1,500 times neutral detergent powder in the bud.
Fifth, cutting, sparse buds
Complex cutting: First, for trees that are unproductive for over-ageing, the winter shear can be delayed until germination to ease the tree vigor; secondly, the more prosperous trees are cut after the winter branches of the stem branches, and other branches are postponed until the sprouts are cut. To ease the trend; the third is to enter the results of the tree according to the target yield, if the amount of flowers is too much, you can short section of long squid, shrunk and cut squid, or thin weak squid, in order to reduce the squid, increase the number of ready branches.
Lei Lei: The apple tree sparse as soon as possible, can save nutrition, help to sit large fruit, promote fruit high pile. At the same time, enhance the tree vigor, promote the growth of spring shoots, make up for lack of winter shear. It saves time, improves efficiency, and reduces costs. Under the normal conditions of the climate, we can popularize the technique of "setting flowers and fixing fruits". That is, in the middle and late April, the inflorescence of red bloom extends into the inflorescence and is separated (the central flower contains medlars). The spacing between the flowers is 20 to 28 centimeters. The main leaves are on both sides and under the back, except for the central flower and 1 flower. The excess flowers are all eliminated, but they must retain "cluster leaves."
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