Tomato is a kind of vegetable we often eat. Basically, the supermarket market is sold all year round. Tomatoes are not only rich in taste but also rich in vitamins . They can be eaten raw or cooked, and can be made into ketchup after processing. Today, Xiaobian will introduce you to the cultivation techniques of tomatoes.
First, the selection of good varieties
Farmers want to plant a short dormancy quality to choose red, and want to use medium star, unlimited growth type can choose Yuxing 1887. These two varieties of tomatoes have good commercial properties, long shelf life, strong growth potential, strong disease resistance, cold resistance and high yield. Therefore, the results are continuous in the case of low winter temperatures, so the economic benefits are high. .
Second, tomato seed treatment
Tomato seeds need to be soaked in warm water for germination. The specific method is to expose the tomato seeds for 1 to 2 days, then soak them in water of about 55 ° C for 15 minutes, stir while soaking, and then soak them at room temperature (about 25 ° C) for 5-6 hours, and rinse them with water. Place it on the flat ground for about 15 minutes, wrap it with clean gauze and germination at 25 °C. More than 80% of the seeds can be sown.
Third, seedbed preparation
A 1.3 m wide, 10 m long floor-standing seedbed is used, and the nutrient soil is 10 cm thick on the seedbed. Take 3 parts of vegetable garden soil that has not been planted with a disease-free source for 3 years, and prepare nutrient soil by high-quality farmyard manure without harm treatment. Add 2kg compound fertilizer and 50g carbendazim to disinfect every 1t nutrient soil.
Fourth, sowing seedlings
Seedlings were planted in a greenhouse with a cold bed and planted in mid-November. The amount of planting area per 667 m2 is 25-30 g. The white seeds were spread evenly on the seedbed and covered with fine soil 0.5 cm.
V. Seedling management
The cold bed seedling adopts two layers of film, namely, a greenhouse film and a small arch shed. Appropriate adjustment of temperature, sowing to Qiling during daytime control at 25 ~ 30 ° C, night 15 ~ 18 ° C; Qi Miao to seedlings day control at 20 ~ 25 ° C, night 10 ~ 15 ° C; seedling to slow seedling day control at 25 ~ 30 ° C, 15 ~ 20 ° C at night; after the seedlings until the day before planting control at 20 ~ 25 ° C, 10 ~ 15 ° C at night; at the same time strengthen ventilation and drainage, to prevent seedlings long; 5 to 7 days before planting began to refine seedlings, Daytime temperature control 15 ~ 20 ° C, night 8 ~ 10 ° C.
Sixth, timely planting
In early March, the head was cold-cold and planted with strawberries. Two rows of plants with a plant spacing of 40-45 cm and a row spacing of 50 cm were used, and about 667 plants were planted at 667 m2.
Seven, field management
1, pay attention to adjust the temperature inside the shed, in the slow seedling period during the day is 20 ~ 25 ° C night is 10 ~ 15 ° C; flowering fruit setting period is 20 ~ 25 ° C during the day is 15 ~ 20 ° C; the result period is 25 ~ 28 ° C night It is 15 to 20 °C.
2. Fertilizer and water management timely watering and topdressing according to plant growth conditions. The topdressing rule is applied in multiple times with water, and the fertilization concentration is from light to strong. After colonization, the first fertilizer is applied, and 30% of the mature organic fertilizer is applied to each 667m2, 500~1000kg; after the first fruit is stabilized, the second fertilizer is applied, and 370kg of 30% decomposed organic fertilizer is applied per 667m2. Multi-component compound fertilizer 15 ~ 20kg; in the prosperous period of heavy recovery of 1 time fruit fertilizer, per 667m2 application of 30% decomposed organic fertilizer 2000kg, plus multi-component fertilizer 15 ~ 20kg. In the future, the fertilizer should be applied once every 1 or 2 times, or sprayed 1 or 2 times with 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution.
3. Wait until the tomato seedling grows to a length of about 30cm. Single stalk pruning and timely removal of collateral and old yellow diseased leaves. Topping practice is after opening the sixth ear flower.
4, Baohua Baoguo and Shuhua Shuguo early maturity cultivation with a concentration of 30 ~ 50mg / L of tomato spirit spray flower spike 1 times. Remove the diseased fruit, malformed fruit and excess fruit in time and ensure that 3 to 4 fruits are selected for each ear.
5. Take the prevention and treatment guidelines for prevention and control, comprehensive prevention and control, and adopt comprehensive measures of agriculture, physics, biology and chemical control to prevent pests and diseases. Do a good job in seedling stage disease, blight, early blight, aphids and other pest control, transplanting to do gray mold, late blight, early blight, bacterial wilt, virus disease, mites, whitefly, leaf miner Prevention and treatment of pests and diseases.
6. When the tomato fruit turns into orange-red, it can be harvested. Farmers should pay attention to picking tomatoes in time to avoid missing the best picking period.
When planting tomatoes, you can also carry out strawberry interplanting, and one farm has two harvests. If farmers' friends want to know about strawberry planting techniques, be sure to pay attention to the Hui Nong School!
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