According to the 2015 China Pension Industry Summit Forum, at the end of 2014, the number of elderly people in China reached 212 million, making it the first country in the world with a population of over 200 million. According to the current resident population, China is the most aging. The cities are not big cities like Shanghai, Beijing, and Guangzhou, but inland cities like Chongqing, Sichuan, Jiangsu, and Anhui. With the current development of China's current society, the population of large and medium-sized cities is younger, and the population of second- and third-tier cities and townships is obviously aging. In addition to the traditional eating habits and lifestyles of Chinese people, the elderly pay attention to their physical condition. Often have discomfort and will not seek medical treatment in time, especially digestive tract diseases.
Most of the digestive tract diseases occur in the colon and rectum below the upper digestive tract and the ileocecal. The diseases of the digestive tract are very common, and the incidence rate is high all over the world, while the middle-aged and elderly people are more likely to have a higher incidence of digestive tract diseases as the various functions of the body are weakened.
Middle-aged and elderly people have many causes of dysphagia in esophageal diseases. The most representative one is esophageal cancer. In addition, long-term reflux esophagitis, external compression of the esophagus, and certain central nervous system diseases may also cause symptoms of dysphagia. Although esophageal examination methods include endoscopy (gastroscopy and colonoscopy collectively referred to as digestive endoscopy), ultrasound, CT, MRI, DSA, and X-ray X-ray barium angiography (oral and enema), but various examinations Both have pros and cons.
Endoscopy is the need to intubate through the pharynx, most people will feel nausea or discomfort; after the colonoscope enters the intestine, some people will have different degrees of abdominal pain; especially the elderly and have severe heart function Endoscopy is not appropriate for those who are incomplete, in a dangerous state such as shock, and in visceral perforators.
The principle of ultrasonography diagnosis is to use ultrasound pulse reflection to determine the presence or absence of lesions in deep tissues. It has a high diagnostic value for abdominal organs such as liver, gallbladder, pancreas, spleen and kidney. It also has gastric cancer with obvious mass. Certain diagnostic value. The stomach and intestine are hollow organs, which are echo-free in ultrasound reflex, while the main lesions of the gastrointestinal tract, such as tumors and ulcers, are also echo-free or hypoechoic, and there is no significant contrast when examined. Therefore, for ulcers with small mucosal defects, it is difficult to find ultrasound examination, and mucous membrane erosion can not be detected. What matters is that ultrasound can not detect early gastric cancer. It is impossible to understand the condition of bacteria in the stomach and whether it is cancerous, and it is not sensitive to finer symptoms.
CT, MRI, and DSA examinations are expensive, and not every hospital has such equipment. Therefore, it is often used as a diagnosis and staging of tumor lesions to help clinically determine whether a lesion can be operated or a surgical plan is not suitable for routine screening. .
X-ray barium angiography (oral and enema) examination, divided into conventional esophagography, upper gastrointestinal angiography, and total gastrointestinal angiography. Conventional esophagography is suitable for the diagnosis of esophageal tumors, diverticulum, varicose veins, foreign bodies, inflammation, lesions of adjacent esophageal organs such as heart, aorta, mediastinum and the like. Esophageal hypotension double contrast angiography is suitable for early detection of esophageal tumors, inflammation, diverticulum and routine angiography. Conventional upper gastrointestinal angiography is suitable for any upper abdominal discomfort and gastrointestinal symptoms; suspected pancreatic cysts and pancreatic head cancer and other diagnostic tests. Gastric and duodenal hypotonic double contrast angiography is suitable for early gastric cancer, pancreatic head cancer, duodenal cancer and cholangiocarcinoma, and examination of suspicious cases of common gastrointestinal tract. Total gastrointestinal angiography is suitable for congenital dysplasia; chronic non-specific inflammation and tuberculosis examination of benign and malignant tumors of the digestive tract; observation of intestinal parenteral lesions and intestinal relationship, postoperative functional observation. Colonic enema is suitable for colonic tumor, polyp, granulomatous lesions, localized enteritis; ulcerative colitis; megacolon; diagnosis of colonic intussusception.
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