How cat parasites affect our immune system

December 12, 2016 Source: Bio Valley

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In some areas, this infection rate has reached 95%. However, unless you do the relevant tests yourself, it is difficult to find that you are affected, but after the parasite is infected, it will produce a series of mental symptoms such as schizophrenia or bipolar disorder.

Researchers have recently discovered the molecular mechanism by which Toxoplasma gondii can escape host immune surveillance.

For unsuspecting people, Toxoplasma gondii is only a type of pathogen that can cause toxoplasmosis in parasites. However, individuals with weak immune systems (such as pregnant women, the elderly, etc.) can have other effects.

Of course, most doctors don't recommend special tests (unless it's a last resort), but some studies have found a close connection between some abnormal behaviors with infected hosts.

According to evolutionary biologist Jaroslav Flegr of the University of Charles, Czech Republic, the infection of Toxoplasma can affect our judgment in dangerous situations. Therefore, like malaria, it is also a parasitic insect with great lethality.

Some past studies have found that mice infected with Toxoplasma gondii are no longer afraid of smelling cats, and their memory is also significantly damaged.

Therefore, the researchers believe that the parasite can disrupt the brain circuits of mice, and they are studying whether the phenomenon also occurs in humans.

In many studies on Toxoplasma gondii, at least one thing is certain: it has the ability to manipulate the host's immune system.

In fact, in some parts of the world, the entire population is infected with Toxoplasma, indicating its ability to escape the immune system.

Toxoplasma on the one hand can reduce the host's immune response to a very low level, thus ensuring its survival; on the other hand, it can raise the immune response of the infected host to a higher level, thus ensuring its health, as a huge "Toxoplasma incubator". Today, scientists have found a infection strategy for Toxoplasma gondii.

Under normal conditions, cells recognize the expression of p38 protein and enter the nucleus after recognition of Toxoplasma gondii, thereby activating the expression of a series of downstream inflammatory factors and killing Toxoplasma gondii.

Toxoplasma gondii can actively activate the activation of inflammatory factors and adjust the degree according to different needs.

Researcher Mohamed-Ali Hakimi from France found that Toxoplasma gondii secretes a protein called GRA24 that directly activates p38, a phenomenon that occurs much earlier than the host's own immune system.

Recently, researchers have found that GRA24 binds to p33 with higher affinity, thereby blocking host signaling.

At the same time, the protein prevents the inflammatory response from shutting down, which is why the disease is dangerous for groups with weakened immune systems.

Related results were published in the journal Structure.

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