Release date: 2018-06-25
Taking pictures of the running Bolt is easy to "virtual". Photographing the beating heart, CT (computed tomography) has similar problems.
To make matters worse, the traditional CT's "view" is too narrow, just like "seeing Bolt in the cracks". You must take a few pictures to make a picture.
Due to the limitations of speed and field of view, accurate imaging of the beating heart is a mission that was not achieved within a few decades after the birth of the CT machine. In recent years, some imported high-end CT machines have made breakthroughs in technological innovation, mainly in the effort of the detectors. "Why is the imported high-end CT machine expensive, and some powerful hospitals have to pay for it, mainly on the detector." A medical imaging equipment researcher introduced that each detector unit is worth tens of thousands of dollars, the highest end of 320 The CT detector is going to cost ten million yuan.
Do not master the core process
“row†refers to the number of arrays of CT scanner detectors. The more rows, the wider the detector width and the greater the width of one scan. If the CT detector is equipped with 320 rows of detection units, 0.5 mm per row, one scan can cover the heart of a normal adult.
While receiving X-rays, the detection unit must also rotate at a high speed in a matrix. The speed is like "martial arts master" can make a curved surface enclose an "iron bucket", and each rotation should be from 2400-9600 The projection of the heart from different angles, the sensing speed is fast, so that the whole tube of the heart can be captured in this "iron bucket".
In terms of process, the splicing process of the detector is extremely demanding, and the more the number of rows, the more complicated the complexity of the production process. The two detection units are arranged together, how to minimize the gap in the middle, and how to arrange the multiple units to maximize the efficiency of receiving X-rays per unit area of ​​the detector. These are technical considerations.
Wang Kun, an associate researcher at the Institute of Automation of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, said: "The specific manufacturing process of the detector is a trade secret, and it is impossible for a company to disclose it. It is like how a camera lens can be designed and described in a patent. Shape, but does not disclose processing methods and coating materials."
A survey conducted by the team of key laboratory of molecular imaging of the Chinese Academy of Sciences showed that in traditional medical imaging (CT, magnetic resonance, etc.), the earliest patents in China were 20 years later than the United States. In terms of the number of patents, the United States is 10 times that of China. This means that the entire industry is fully in the hands of foreign companies, all intellectual property rights, all original achievements, all research and accumulation are abroad, and China only accounts for a small part. More realistically, in this "track", foreign leading enterprises that have been leading the development for 50 years have laid a large number of "patent" barriers, limiting the follow-up and transcendence of latecomers.
Material is confidential
"X-rays are captured by the detector after passing through the organism. The sensitivity of the detector is captured, and the intensity of the X-rays per unit area is determined, which determines the quality of the detector." Wang Kun explained that it depends on the detection. Inductive material used by the device.
An article in the industry entitled "Who is the boss of the top CT? The article lists the CT machines of top medical imaging equipment manufacturers such as Philips and Siemens. For the materials selected by the detectors, the major international manufacturers are all intimate, as if they were secrets, they are described by code words. GE named its Revolution CT detector crystal "gems", while Siemens called it "exclusive." Photonic wafers."
Relevant data show that the preferred scheme for detectors in CT imaging systems is scintillation detectors. The key part is a scintillation crystal or fluorescent substance that converts incident invisible X-rays into visible light for subsequent imaging. There are few researchers in China's scintillation crystals, and the talent cultivation units in the scintillation crystals are only individual units such as Shanghai Silicate Institute. There are fewer new scintillation crystals developed independently, and there are few combinations of crystal growth and performance research.
Under the embarrassment of the development and production of crystalline materials, there are also companies trying to find a way out of overseas. For example, Neusoft Medical last year made a strategic investment in a leading foreign CT detector core material manufacturer. Whether such purchases will buy back core technology will take time to verify.
Hard to chase, no problem, change the track
"At present, most of the components of domestic medical imaging equipment rely on imports," said Wang Kun. If domestic enterprises develop from scratch, they will not be profitable at all, and it will take at least 10 or 20 years to reach the current level of others. By that time, the most advanced medical imaging technology had changed, and it was still a foreign company.
How to get rid of the dilemma of following others? The industry believes that instead of competing in the traditional imagery of the past, it is better to compete directly with foreign countries in the new and more advanced image field.
There is a "molecular image" in the new track that can be raced. That is, by injecting a contrast agent into the human body to mark biomolecules, and then seeing changes in genes, proteins, and the like in the human body, the molecular activity in the body can be directly observed in the living body. The concept of molecular imaging was only presented internationally in 1999, and China followed suit in 2002. Nowadays, in the field of paper publication, intellectual property accumulation, and the number of international and domestic patents, China is similar to foreign countries.
"On the road of molecular imaging, China is now advancing with foreign countries." Wang Kun believes that scientific research has a foundation to support the sustainable development and competitiveness of the industry. It is understood that the Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging of the Chinese Academy of Sciences has developed an imager that can be navigated during surgery. It is awaiting approval from the State Food and Drug Administration and its components are all localized. Related molecular probes have also entered the new drug approval process.
In addition to taking the lead in new areas, the state has also launched relevant research and development plans, and the project has set clear targets to promote the production and manufacturing of high-end CT instruments to solve the "card neck" problem of high-end CT dependence on imports.
Source: Technology Daily
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