Lettuce is not strict with the requirements of the former, and can be used in conjunction with other leafy vegetables. Rotation can also reduce disease, increase yield and improve quality. It is best to use melons, solanes, beans and onions and garlics before cooking. Although the lettuce cultivation time is long, the planting time is small when planting, and the time required for planting to harvest is shorter, and it can be cross-planted with cucumber, bean, tomato and the like.
Cross-planting practice of lettuce with cucumber, bean and tomato
1. Characteristics of lettuce planting
According to the characteristics of lettuce, cold and high temperature, it can be cultivated in spring and autumn. In Shandong and North China, seedlings are planted in spring and February, and harvested from May to June. Autumn is in late July to 8 Seedlings are planted in the second half of the month and harvested from October to November. In addition to spring and autumn cultivation, lettuce can also be grown in the summer under shading conditions, such as using shade nets or enamel foil shades or intercropping with sorghum vegetable crops.
In recent years, with the development of vegetable greenhouses and the improvement of economic benefits of planting, it is possible to carry out cultivation in deep winter and early spring in winter-heated greenhouses with good results. Due to the low ground temperature during this period, the required growth period and harvest period are longer. The seedling period takes 30-40 days, and it takes about 60 days from planting to harvesting.
It can be harvested according to market needs. Therefore, the planting time is more flexible. If it is listed during the New Year's Day to the Spring Festival, it can be planted in the middle and late October. In early spring, it can be planted in December or early in mid-November. Due to the combination of open field cultivation and protected field cultivation, annual supply can be achieved.
2, lettuce three-dimensional planting mode
In order to make full use of the land and sunlight and improve the economic benefits of lettuce, lettuce can adopt the following three-dimensional planting mode:
2.1, cucumber, chayote, cabbage and intercropping
Cucumber can be used with Jinchun No. 2. In mid-February, the seedlings can be planted in the greenhouse first, and then planted in the greenhouse in mid-March. The row spacing is about 80 cm, the plant spacing is 20 cm, and about 4,000 plants are planted per 667 square meters.
Harvesting began in mid-April and was pulled to the end of June to end production. The chayote can be bagged and germinated from November of the previous year, and then the nutrient soil seedlings are placed in a bottomless plastic bag with a diameter of 20 cm, and one melon seed is contained in each bag.
In the middle of April, in the front of the shed, along the front shed and the front of the cucumber row, a pit of about 1 meter in length, width and depth is about every 4 meters, and 250 kilograms of decomposed organic are applied in each pit. 10 kg of fertilizer, diammonium phosphate and potassium sulfate, filled with water, and 1 pitted with a chayote seedling.
2.2, greenhouse spring pepper, lettuce, bean intercropping
Three crops are used for large and small intercropping. Small 畦 80 cm, planted lettuce. It is 120 cm wide and can be planted with 3 rows of peppers. Lettuce can be planted with round leaf varieties in mid-January. The seedling age is about 40 days, and colonization is carried out in late February. Each row is planted in 2 rows, with a plant spacing of about 30 cm, and about 1800 plants per 667 square meters. After the planting, cover the small arch shed.
The market will be harvested in April and mid-April. Pepper can be planted in the middle and late December of the previous year. The seedling age is about 90-100 days. In the middle of March, the planting is carried out. The hole distance is about 30 centimeters. Two plants are planted at each hole, which is equivalent to 6,000 plants per 667 square meters. After the peppers are planted, the small arch shed over the lettuce is removed and covered onto the pepper.
After the lettuce is harvested in the middle and the middle of April, two rows of kidney beans can be sown in the oysters of the original lettuce, with a hole distance of about 20 cm and 2-3 per hole. After the bean is set up, the pepper can be shaded.
The above is the cultivation characteristics of lettuce, and the three-dimensional planting mode of lettuce, you can collect spare å“Ÿ. If you want to eat a variety of vegetables, you can consider planting it.
Urine analyzer is an automated instrument for determining certain chemical components in urine. It is an important tool for automated urine inspection in medical laboratories. This instrument has the advantages of simple and fast operation. However, improper use of urine analyzers and many intermediate links and influencing factors directly affect the accuracy of automated analysis results, which will not only cause errors in experimental results, but even delay diagnosis. Therefore, operators are required to understand the principles, performance and precautions of automated instruments. And the knowledge of influencing factors and other aspects are fully understood, and the correct use of automated instruments can make the results obtained by the urine analyzer more reliable and accurate.
application
In the 1950s, a single dry chemical test strip method was used to measure protein and glucose in urine, and the changes in the color of the test strip were observed with the naked eye and compared with the standard plate to obtain the corresponding values. In the 1980s, due to the high development and widespread use of computer technology, automated urine analyzers also developed rapidly, gradually developing from semi-automatic to fully-automated. Urine analyzers are often divided into two categories according to the test items: â‘ 8-11 screening combined urine test strips mainly used for newly diagnosed patients and health examinations. The eight test items included protein, glucose, PH, ketone bodies, bilirubin, urobilinogen, red blood cells (occult blood) and nitrite; in addition to the above eight tests, urine leukocyte test was added to the nine test items. On the basis of 9 of the 10 urine analyzer testing items, the urine specific density test was added. 11 testing items have added vitamin C testing. â‘¡It is mainly used for the observation of the curative effect of the diagnosed diseases, such as the combination test strip of PH, protein and occult blood (red blood cells) for kidney disease; the combination test strip of PH, sugar and ketone body for diabetes; the combination of bilirubin and urobilinogen for liver disease test tape.
principle
This type of instrument is generally controlled by a microcomputer, and the color change on the test strip is measured semi-quantitatively by using a spherical integrator to receive dual-wavelength reflected light. There are several reagent pads containing various reagents on the reagent strip, each of which reacts independently with the corresponding components in the urine, and displays different colors. The depth of the color is proportional to a certain component in the urine, and there is another in the reagent strip" Compensation pad", as the urine background color, compensates for the errors caused by colored urine and instrument changes.
Put the reagent strip with urine adsorbed in the colorimetric tank of the instrument, and the various reagent pads that have produced chemical reactions on the reagent strip are illuminated by the light source, and the reflected light is received by the spherical analyzer, and the photocell of the spherical analyzer is reflected. Irradiate with dual-wavelength light (measurement light passing through the filter and a reference light), and the selection of each wavelength is determined by the detection item.
The instrument automatically calculates the reflectance according to the following formula, and then compares it with the standard curve, and automatically finds and prints the corresponding results of various components. If the content of a certain component in the urine is high, the reflected light of the corresponding reagent pad is dark, otherwise it is strong.
Reflectance fraction: R(%)=Tm.Cs/TsCm×100%
In the formula, R(%) is the reflectivity; Tm is the reflection intensity of the reagent pad to the measurement wavelength; Ts is the reflection intensity of the reagent pad to the reference wavelength; Cm is the reflection intensity of the calibration pad to the measurement defect length; Cs is the calibration pair. Reflection intensity at the reference wavelength.
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Jilin Sinoscience Technology Co. LTD , https://www.contoryinstruments.com