Combining the actual climate characteristics of the hilly region with the characteristics of market consumption, in order to maximize the economic benefits of planting rice in the rice field, strive to recover all the investment in the year. The management schedule for the cultivation of 1 acre rice field mushroom is as follows:
Technical points of operation:
I. Ditching drainage in rice fields:
1. Mushroom cultivation: It is recommended to use Ida (a rice field that has not been cultivated with Agaricus bisporus within 2 years), easy drainage, and sufficient sandy rice fields. After the rice is harvested, drainage ditch and car ditch will be opened in time. The seed box is 1 meter wide and the aisle is 0.6 meters wide.
2. Harvest paddy fields of dry straw.
3. Immediately after harvesting rice, open up the ditch and field (5 meters to open the car, the ditch is 6-7 inches wide, the main ditch is 1 foot deep, and the side ditch is 1.2 feet deep, so that the gutters are connected and there is no water in the ditch).
Second, preparation:
1, 5000 kg straw (can be added straw, corn stalks, but not more than 30%);
2, poultry, livestock (pigs, cattle) manure (dry, fine) 500 kilograms or more.
3, withered (rape cake) 300-400 kg, 60--70 kg of urea, 100 kg of phosphate fertilizer, 50 kg of compound fertilizer. Dry cow dung 500 kilograms, gypsum powder 100 kilograms, 200 kilograms of wide lime.
4. 500 strains of bacteria; 1.5 kg of formaldehyde, 0.5 kg of dichlorvos, 0.5 kg of dicofol, and 0.1 kg of potassium permanganate.
5. Prepare another 500--1000 kgs of good straw and play grass fans in the gaps in the stack. The thickness of the straw curtain is not the degree of bed soil after the lid. The general grass length 1.8 meters, 500 acres.
6, preparation of film about 8 kg.
Third, the principle of stacking material overturning: "a wet two adjustments three do not move", that is, forage grass 2-3 days in advance pre-wet, to keep hay wet; the first time when the pile of water to make appropriate adjustments, after each time No water is added to the stack.
Material pile: The beginning of the material pile is 2 meters wide at the end, the pile is 1.7 meters wide, and the height is 1.8 meters. It can grow 1 mu when the pile length is more than 10 meters. The first turn to ensure that the width of 1.7 meters, 1.6 meters high. The second turn must be 1.5 meters wide and 1.5 meters high. The third turn to ensure that the width of 0.8 meters, 0.6 meters high.
Turning the stack: After the stack is built, it is generally turned over four times. The interval days are 7, 6, 4, and 3. In the event of heavy rain, it was postponed.
Precautions:
1, 2-3 days before the construction of the heap, the used forage material is transported to the mushroom field and dissolved, with a large amount of wet water (can pumping water every day, the material wet without dripping prevail).
2, when building a heap, the manure, oil, gypsum, urea, phosphate fertilizer and potash, etc. are all mixed evenly (each layer of grass thickness is about 30 centimeters or so) to join, while the stack side of the solid.
3. When the material is turned for the first time (on the 7th day after the pile is built), the lime powder is added in layers and the dosage is 50 kg.
4, the second direct turnover (the first time after the first 6th). If the fodder is too dry, add 1-2% lime water to adjust.
5. During the third turn (4th day after the first turn), lime powder was thrown in to 50 kg, and 1 kg of formaldehyde + 0.25 kg of dichlorvos + 0.25 kg of dicofol was replenished with 75--100 kg of water. When stratified, spray evenly to neutralize ammonia and kill pests. After four days of stockpiling, they were cultured.
6. During the fourth turn (3 days after the first turn), it is required that the stockpile be 0.6m wide and 0.8m high.
* Lime is sprinkled on the bottom of the new stacking material each time the material is turned. Each time the pile is turned, the forage is shaken, and the top, bottom, and side materials of the pile are turned in the middle, and the material in the middle is placed on the top, bottom, and sides to ensure that the pile material is even and full. After the pile is built and the stack is completed, the top should be tiled and back, and the entire area is covered with a thin film to protect the insulation and rain. Leave a width of 20 cm in the middle of the top of the stack and cover only the straw to remove exhaust from the stack. In the mushroom field built a heap, built from the side of the field, each long-shaped cross-over.
Fourth, check the cultivation of materials to build a kind of mushroom compartment
1. The well-prepared culture material should be tan-colored, with a characteristic grass aroma, no foul odor; the grass has toughness, and it will not be rotted without decomposition; it will not contain any bacteria; It is advisable to dry the air when it is too wet, and adjust it with 1-2% lime water if it is too dry.
2. Stroke: Use lime powder to draw out a 1 meter planting box and a 0.6 meter sidewalk.
3, car surface disinfection, sterilization: flat surface after the lime powder sprinkled, and then 0.5 kg of formaldehyde + 0.125 kg of dichlorvos 100 kg sprayed water.
4. Car-side scattering: Spread the culture material loosely and evenly on the surface of the planting box. The required width is 0.8 meters, and the material thickness in the middle is 20--25 centimeters; it is tile-backed; when it rains, it must be covered.
5. Grass fan disinfection: Use 0.125 kg of dichlorvos + 0.125 kg of dicofol to dilute 100 kg of water with a spray.
Fifth, sowing time: Select cloudy days or sunny morning and evening sowing (temperature below 30 degrees), after the broadcast easily and easily material surface (covered species of fabric), covering the straw curtain, to prevent the sun from direct killer strains, promote mycelium.
Method: After wiping the potassium permanganate solution with a towel, the surface of the strainer bottle was scrubbed, the bacteria strainer bottle was knocked out in a large pot and the broken glass was removed, and then the strain group was moved into a bean size to be sowed. According to a bottle of bacteria broadcast sowing 1 square meters. Immediately after sowing, the shade was used to cover the surface of the car and cause hyphae.
6. Cover soil and period: After sowing 4 days, when the mycelium grows normally, it can cover the soil. Cover soil: After spreading 25 kg of lime powder in the aisle of the compartment, plow the layer (about 20 centimeters to remove the rice pile) to cover the soil; the soil block should be 1-3 centimeters in size; Park, don't touch.
Thickness: Cover soil about 4 centimeters, requiring the cover soil to be uniformly tiled.
Seven, fruiting period management
Turn over the grass curtain once every 5 days after covering the soil. 15 days after sowing, soil inspection, when the hyphae on nearly half of the soil, each square meter can be sprayed "soy mushroom water" 1 kg (according to wet soil cover). If the string of mycelium is on the surface of the soil, strengthen the ventilation and drying to transfer the mushroom. When the mushroom grows to the size of a soybean and is generally unearthed, spray “water with mushrooms†(clean and polluted water) once. According to the wet and weather condition of the car, 0.5 kg per square meter can be sprayed, and then stop for 2-3 days; when the mushroom is unearthed, see the cover soil dry and wet and the weather changes spray - "Mushroom more spray, mushrooms less spray , no mushrooms are not sprayed; even clear and more spray, even the rain does not spray "(ensure the car surface can not be water).
Eight, mushroom production management
1, after each batch of mushrooms, clean up the residue on the bed (bacterial feet and scattered straw, etc.), fill the holes left by the mushroom after filling with soil; spray appropriate amount of mushroom according to the growth of mycelium and mushrooms Water and mushroom water. As the temperature decreases, the amount of water used should gradually decrease.
2. For prevention and control of diseases and insect pests of the pleurotus eryngii, adherence to prevention should be maintained. Under normal circumstances, good culture materials should be well-prepared, high-quality strains should be used, and attention should be paid to the above disinfection, extermination, and sterilization. Pests and diseases generally do not occur or cause minor harm.
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