Momordica charantia is a plant belonging to the family Cucurbitaceae. Because of its sweet taste, it is a vegetable used to clear heat and detoxify in summer. Eating momordica charantia can enhance the vitality of the cortex and make the skin tender and fit. Raw food clears summer heat, relieves heat and relieves annoyance; cooked food nourishes the liver, nourishes the spleen and kidney, and has very high nutritional value. So what planting methods do you need to master to increase the output of bitter gourd? Let ’s check it out together!
Bitter Melon Planting
I. Land Selection
When planting bitter gourd, you should choose soil with deep soil layer, fertile soil, convenient drainage and irrigation, or sandy soil. It is best to have no planted melons to reduce the incidence of disease.
Second, sowing, nursery
①Before sowing, the seeds should be disinfected. You can use 10% copper sulfate 100 times solution for disinfection, because the surface of bitter gourd seeds is hard, soak seeds for 8 ~ 12 hours before germination, and then place the seeds at 30 ℃. Promote germination to 35 ℃, when the seeds are about 60% white, you can plant.
â‘¡ Seedlings can be raised using plastic bags or nutritious soils prepared in nutrition cups. The nutrition cup should be drenched with water the day before sowing, and the temperature should be controlled after sowing.
How to grow bitter gourd
Third, colonization
â‘ When the bitter gourd seedlings grow four to five leaves, they can be transplanted and cultivated. One to two days before the transplantation is needed, the seedlings can be refined to improve the cold resistance of the seedlings. When transplanting, make the roots of the seedlings as much soil as possible, because the regenerative capacity of the root system of bitter gourd is relatively weak.
â‘¡ The soil before planting can be applied with high-quality organic fertilizer and leveled and raked. Ridge cultivation can be used in open field cultivation, and watering must be done when planting, but the bitter gourd has general water resistance, so the field must have good drainage and irrigation facilities.
4. Field management during cultivation
â‘ Weeding and fertilization in time: In order to ensure the output of bitter gourd, weeds in the field of bitter gourd must be eradicated. This will not only help increase the permeability of the soil, but also ensure the growth of seedlings. In order to ensure the nutritional supply of seedlings, appropriate fertilization is required.
â‘¡ Scaffolding: When bitter gourd grows out of the side, you need to set up bitter gourd to help the growth of bitter gourd vines. The main methods of setting up are horizontal scaffolds, bamboo stands and herringbone. In the early stages of creeping, it is necessary to treat them, so that they can be better put on the shelf.
Bitter Melon Planting Tips
â‘¢ Artificial pollination: If it is natural pollination, the pollination rate of bitter gourd is relatively low, which will affect the output of bitter gourd, so artificial pollination of bitter gourd is needed. In order to improve the success rate of artificial pollination, pollination is generally performed on the day when the bitter gourd blooms, and the time is usually between 9 am and 11 am on the same day, because the female flower has the most pollen during this time.
â‘£ Pest and disease control: The main pests of bitter gourd during planting are whitefly and leaf spot fly. These pests often cause bitter gourd to suffer from downy mildew, powdery mildew, and gray mold, so control work must be strengthened throughout the cultivation process. It is necessary to pay attention to the use of pesticides that meet national standards when using pesticides.
⑤ Harvest: The growth of bitter gourd is relatively fast. Generally, the fruit can be harvested 12 days after the end of flowering. The best time to pick Momordica charantia is half a month after flowering. During this period, Momordica charantia grows most plumply and changes color from dark green to bright green. It should be noted that in order not to affect the appearance of bitter gourd when picking, the action should be light when picking.
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