The dead and dead bodies of livestock and poultry have become the focus of attention. All levels of government, livestock, and other related departments handle the problems efficiently, strengthen animal epidemic prevention, effectively control the occurrence of major animal epidemics, and minimize the death of animals, thus ensuring Agriculture will increase efficiency and increase farmers' income. In the process of aquaculture, animal deaths due to illness cannot be completely avoided. In order to develop animal husbandry production and safeguard the health of the people, the implementation of the harmless treatment of dead animals has become an urgent task that urgently needs to be resolved. Arbitrarily discarding animal carcasses has the potential to spread the disease. Once the animal carcasses carrying pathogens of zoonotic diseases are abandoned in trash cans, river courses, and Hu Po even in residential areas, the health of humans will be seriously endangered, even if they are normal dead animals. The body will also cause pollution to the environment. How to deal with sick animals and livestock correctly, describe the following points for your reference:
First, the status of the treatment of dead animals and poultry 1. Only a few large-scale breeding plants are equipped with innocuous treatment facilities. Although it is possible to perform harmless treatment of animal carcasses, it is rarely used considering the cost of innocent treatment.
2. Most small-scale breeding plants do not have innocent treatment facilities. Some of them burn or deeply bury animal carcasses. Some of them discard animal carcasses at random outside the wall of the breeding plant, river banks, river courses, garbage dumps, and some even carve the animals. Sell ​​directly to unscrupulous meat sellers at a low price and sell or process cooked meat products on the market.
3. After the young animals raised by the farmers are free from death, they are discarded at will. After the adult animals die, they are either eaten on their own or sold on the market after being superficially peeled, or directly sell the carcass of the dead animals to unscrupulous traders.
4. Most urban residents raise small pets at home. With the increase in the amount of pets, the number of pet corpses also increases. Rivers, urban green belts, and waste bins (buckets) are common occurrences. Although there are pet funeral homes in some economically developed cities, very few pets are buried due to the high cost.
1. Incineration: The process of oxidizing and burning, killing pathogenic microorganisms, and turning animal carcasses into ashes. Incineration methods can be used: wood pyrotechnics, incinerators, and incinerators/pits. This method (1) consumes a lot of energy. It is understood that the use of incinerators to treat 200kg of dead animals, at least need to burn 8L / h of diesel, about 64 yuan per hour; (2) the occupied space is large, the choice of location is more limited. It should be away from residential areas, buildings, and flammable materials. There should be no wires or telephone lines on the above ground. There should be no tap water or gas pipelines in the ground. There should be enough fire protection belts around, and it should be located below the dominant wind direction to avoid public views. (3) Incineration produces air pollution. Including dust, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, acid gases, etc., require secondary treatment to increase processing costs.
2. Deep burial: bury dead and dead animals in dug pits and use soil microorganisms to rot and degrade the dead bodies.
There are four drawbacks to this method: (1) The occupied space is large, and the location is more limited. Should be away from residential areas, buildings and other remote locations. (2) The handling procedures are more complicated and require more manpower for digging, burying, and site inspection. The labor costs range from RMB 120-150 per day. (3) Use bleaching powder, quicklime, etc. to disinfect, the sterilization effect is not ideal, there is a hidden safety hazard outbreak. (4) Contamination of the surface environment and groundwater resources, and the need to purchase or rent an excavator, the rental cost is 200-300 yuan per day, and the purchase of small excavators is 100,000 to 120,000.
3. The corpse pond: The sick and dead animals are fed from the feeding port on the top of the pool. After the feeding, the lid is closed and the dead animals and birds are naturally decomposed and degraded in the closed chamber. This method (1) takes up a large space. After the dead corpses are filled with dead animals, they need to be rebuilt. The size of the built pool is different, and the cost varies. (2) The choice of location is more limited, requiring more manpower to carry it, ranging from 120-150 man-days a day. (3) The sterilization effect is not ideal. (4) Contamination of surface environment and groundwater resources.
4. Chemical system: The dead animals and poultry are subjected to high-temperature and high-pressure sterilization to realize the separation of oil and water, which can be used in the production of fertilizers, industrial oils, and the like. This method (1) has a high investment cost of equipment, about 20-30 million. (2) Occupying a large site, a separate workshop or construction site is required. (3) The waste liquid sewage produced by the chemical system needs secondary treatment.
5. High-temperature biodegradation: Using the ability of microorganisms to degrade organic matter, combined with the characteristics of high temperature resistance of specific microorganisms, the technique of high-temperature sterilization and biodegradation of dead animals' carcasses and waste into organic fertilizers.
The investment cost of this equipment is slightly higher, about 500,000 yuan/set, and the scattered farmers may not be able to purchase and use it.
Kindergarten Type I Microbiological Fermentation (click here for details) Agent is a natural compound fermenting agent first introduced in China. At the same time, it absorbs the essence of international high-end microbiology engineering technology and process flow in Europe, America, Japan and Korea, and is refined by high-tech screening, purification and rejuvenation processes. It is composed of bacteria, filamentous bacteria, yeasts, actinomycetes, and other natural beneficial microorganisms. It has a strong aerobic fermentation and decomposition capacity, and its fermentation function is “wild†and “powerfulâ€. â€, is a special microbial fermentation fungus that meets the requirements of national environmental protection and green food production materials.
Jinbao-type microbial fermentation auxiliaries produce organic fertilizers, which have the characteristics of fast fermentation, good fermentation, high-temperature fermentation, low-temperature fermentation, greatly shortened production time, lower cost, etc., as well as "widespread" fermentation and " "Adaptive" and other characteristics, widely used in all farms, greenhouses and farmers markets foot waste, household waste, food processing residues, urban sludge, parks and residential areas, golf course litter processing, flower seedlings basin Soil nutrient soil production. The production method is as follows:
1, material handling. Individual smaller livestock and poultry carcasses can be simply divided (such as chickens, ducks, etc.), and dead pigs and other large livestock and poultry carcasses are to be crushed. It is recommended that they be crushed below 1-2 cm. It is possible to purchase specialized waste crushing machines to carry out the splitting treatment. By crushing, the carcasses of the livestock and poultry can be fully contacted with the bacteria, and better detoxification, insecticidal and sterilizing effects can be achieved.
2, diluted strains. In general, rice bran with good quality is preferred (ratio 1:3-1:5). Rice bran has good nutrition and ventilation. In the absence of rice bran, it can be replaced with fine powdered materials such as cornmeal, bran, etc. Heap of material.
3, moisture control. The moisture of the fermentation material should be maintained at 60 to 65%, so that the functional bacteria can normally reproduce. A simple way to judge is: grab a handful of material by hand, and see that the water is not dripping on the finger-tap is a generally appropriate standard. If you do not see the watermark, it is too dry. If you drip down, it is too wet. It is recommended that the ratio of fermented material is 50%-60% of livestock and poultry carcasses, straw powder, mushroom residue, gluten or sawdust, and litter account for 50%-60%. Because the ratio of carbon and nitrogen required by the fermentation strains is 25:1 or 30:1, the ratio of carbon to nitrogen needed by the strains can be better adjusted by the material collocation.
4, for heap and turn to. After the material and the bacteria are mixed in half, the flat stack height is between 1.2-1.5, the width is 2-3 meters, the tip stack height is 2 meters, and the width is 2-3 meters. After the heap is completed, when the temperature is accumulated to 60-65 degrees, the material is tipped over. According to the killing temperature of the pathogens carried in the livestock carcasses, the stack temperature can be continuously increased to above 75 degrees. This time, fermentation can be completed in about 10-15 days. The fully fermented material does not have a noticeable odor, fluffy, and white mycelia. It is recommended to build a small and simple site for the treatment of livestock and poultry carcasses, and to cover the heap with breathable material at the beginning of fermentation. This will reduce the odor at the initial stage of fermentation, and it will be beneficial to the start of fermentation temperature and reduce the impact on the surrounding environment.
5, pay attention to ventilation. The functional microbial species in the golden baby-type organic fertilizer fermentation aid belongs to good (consumed) oxygen-based microorganisms, and must participate in oxygen fermentation. This requires the material to be breathable and to prevent microorganisms from failing due to lack of oxygen. Here are some common methods of ventilation:
1 tipped over. Large-scale fertilizer factories can be turned over using a tipping machine, and farmers have no machinery at home and can only be turned over by hand. When tipping over, it should be as detailed as possible to achieve ventilation and ventilation.
2 punch holes. This method can save labor, operation is relatively simple, suitable for less labor users. It is practicable to drill holes in the material heap with a pointed stick of about 10 cm. The number should be as large as possible.
3 cover. Covering material fermentation should use straw, sacks and other ventilation materials. If covered with plastic sheeting, it should be padded with bricks and wooden sticks, 10-20 cm from the surface of the material. And should leave a proper gap to facilitate the entry of oxygen.
Jinbao-type fertilizer starter can handle 1-1.5 tons of small animal carcasses and 0.5 tons-1 tons of large animal carcasses. After the animal carcasses are fermented, the finished products are high-grade organic fertilizers rich in amino acids and trace elements, which can be used for planting crops to realize resource recycling. And the process is simple, the sick and dead animals only need to be simply divided, add appropriate microbial strains, accessories, and do heap fermentation. The process is smoke-free, odorless, and free of sewage, meeting the requirements of green environmental protection. High temperature treatment above 75 degrees can completely kill all harmful pathogens. This treatment not only reduces the environmental pollution, but also brings additional income to farmers, which is of double benefit. Details can be consulted: Beijing Huaxia Kangyuan Technology Co., Ltd. telephone toll-free hotline: Please click on the purchase: http://shop35396982.taobao.com
Recommended reading:
1. Ecologically harmless treatment operation plan for sick and dead pigs
2. How to choose organic fertilizer starter?
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