Sunflower is a cold-resistant crop that can be planted in the north of China in late March. It can even be planted in autumn. However, in recent years, the diseases of sunflower have been increasing year by year, coupled with poor pollination, and the seed setting rate is low. Studies have shown that early sowing in the northwestern province of our province has become one of the important factors restricting sunflower production, and timely implementation of late planting is an important measure for increasing production.
The seeding date of conventional sunflower varieties from May 10th to May 20th, the seeding date of hybrid sunflower seedlings from May 25th to June 10th, and the sowing date of hybrid sunflower seedlings from May 30th to June 20th. Different varieties have different requirements for the sowing date. It is necessary to determine the actual sowing date of the varieties according to the instructions of the seeds. So, how to grasp the specific sowing date of a certain species? Growth period = number of days from the date of sowing to the average first frost date of the site + 7 days, according to which the seeding period can be easily determined.
At present, there are mainly three types of sunflower varieties cultivated in our province. One is the conventional varieties used for roasted seeds and nuts and the other is common varieties used for barley, and the second is the sunflower hybrid and the third is the oil sunflower hybrid.
Eat sunflower. The varieties of edible sunflower used in production are mainly conventional varieties, and the main varieties include Baikui 6 (ren), Baikuza 9 (ren), Gankuai 1, Longshiai 1, Changlingbai, and Chifeng. White, star sparks, etc.; hybrids are still in the trial stage, there are several seed varieties.
Oil sunflower. Oil sunflower hybrids in our province have relatively large planting area, strong disease resistance, good adaptability, high yield, short growing period, and sowing on June 15th can be normal and mature. The main varieties are: Baikuza No. 6, NC-209, and Red Kwai Zao No. 2.
Timely sowing to increase seedling maintenance. With late sowing, when the seedlings were unearthed, the strong winds had passed and the sand was reduced. At this time, all kinds of plants have germinated, and there are many food sources for pests at the seedling stage, which can reduce the harm of seedling pests. It is conducive to growth and development. Sowing in mid-April, so that the sunflower from the emergence to budding in the dry low temperature stage, inhibited the growth, reduced the number of small flowers. Improve the seed-setting rate. The late sowing flowering period in early August is 15 days later than the early sowing field. At this time, the obvious decrease of rainy weather is conducive to insect pollination. Reduce the incidence of diseases. The sunflower had strong resistance to the disease before flowering, and the disease resistance was obviously weakened after flowering. Late flowering and filling stage escaped the high temperature and rainfall peak in the middle and late July. Increase 100-grain weight and increase the kernel kernel rate. Timely late sowing due to reduced leaf spot disease, is conducive to grouting, full grain.
It is conducive to field management. Field weeds have germinated at late sowing, and a large amount of field weeds have been eliminated with the sowing operation.
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