First, fertilization management:
In combination with soil deep turning, the basal fertilizer is applied, and the basal fertilizer is mainly organic fertilizer. According to walnut yield, site conditions, tree nutrients fertilization. Generally, 5 kg of organic fertilizer is applied to 1 kg of walnuts for production, and an appropriate amount of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer is mixed. Saplings 20-30 kilograms per plant, 30-50 kilograms per tree at the beginning, and 50-80 kilograms per tree at fruitage. Simultaneous application of 2-5 kg ​​of superphosphate. The amount of basal fertilizer accounted for more than 30% of the annual fertilization amount. Fertilizer should pay attention to the fertilizer and soil mix, can not be directly piled in the pit.
Second, watering management:
After the fertilization, water should be poured in a timely manner to facilitate the absorption of basal fertilizer and accelerate the decomposition of fertilizer. On the 10th of November or so, it is necessary to pour over the winter water. When the topsoil is half dry, the rhizomes will be painted white and the trunks will be painted white. Walnuts are hi wet, resistant to waterlogging, weak in drought resistance, and watering is an effective measure to increase production. Water should be watered in time in all stages of winter drought. Before the winter, after the fallen leaves, lime sulfur is sprayed on the stems of the trees.
Third, trim management:
The pruning period of walnut trees is most suitable for pruning from autumn fruit harvesting to yellowing, and should not be trimmed one month after defoliation and near budding. These two periods are peaks of wound flow and are not conducive to wounds as early as possible within the year. heal. A reasonable tree shape is the basis of high yield. The middle and small crowns and early dense planting gardens can adopt naturally happy shapes. Sparse planting trees, scattered trees, and intercropping trees should adopt trunk sparse layer shapes. Pruning at this stage will reduce the leaf area and affect the nutrient accumulation of the tree body. At this time, the tree body is free from injurious flow and is suitable for adjusting the skeleton structure of the tree, mainly pruning large branches, eliminating dense branches, pests and branches, and shading branches. Behind the branches, retracting drooping branches. Other prunings should wait until the second year before budding.
For walnut trees entering the aging period, rejuvenation should be promptly updated to extend the number of years of results. Update the big update, medium update, and small update. The big update is also called the trunk update. That is to say, all the walnut trees with high trunk and weaker vigor are sawed off from the appropriate part of the trunk; the medium update is also called the main branch update, which means the appropriate part of the main branch is sawn off; Also called collateral renewal, that is to retract lateral branches. The rejuvenation should be based on the tree potential, and there should be more post-updates.
IV. Pest Management:
Walnuts are relatively rare in terms of pests and diseases. However, if they are not managed properly, the prevention of drug fights will often lead to serious disease or even plant death. The main pests and diseases of walnut trees are walnut rot, walnut branch blight, walnut canker, cloud bengal, walnut limb moth, walnut leaf a, walnut urn, and scale insects. Autumn and winter are the best time to prevent and treat pests and diseases. In the principle of “prevention first, comprehensive prevention and controlâ€, the prevention and control of specific pests and diseases in the walnut gardens should be promptly prevented and controlled, combined with autumn pruning to remove pests and branches, and dry and dry branches, and burn them together. Do a good job in clearing the garden and reduce the source of pests and diseases.
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