Wheat is a traditional crop in China. In the process of wheat planting, it often encounters pests and diseases. These pests and diseases seriously affect the quality and yield of wheat, and bring huge economic losses to farmers. Understanding the characteristics and control methods of pests and diseases is an important technology to achieve high yield and high yield of wheat. Let's take a look at common pests and diseases of wheat and how to control them.
1. Wheat powdery mildew In the onset of wheat powdery mildew, the seedlings to the heading stage are mainly harmful to the leaves, stems and ears of wheat. At the beginning of the disease, the leaves begin to appear small white spots. As the disease progresses, the white spots gradually become circular. White mildew, another layer of white powder on the surface of the mildew, and in the later stages, the mildew will turn into a gray or brown lesion with black small particles.
Control method: planting varieties with strong disease resistance, deep-disinfecting and disinfecting the soil in planting, reducing the source of bacteria, the planting density should be reasonable, and should not be too dense. In the early stage of the disease, the powder is sprayed with the powder rusting agent, and the diseased leaves are removed in time.
2, wheat rust wheat rust mainly damage leaves, sheaths, stems and ears, according to the location of the disease, its name is also different, such as leaf rust and stem rust, but the nature is the same. At the time of onset, yellow or brown spores were found in the affected parts. These spores spread continuously through the air, and the spread speed was fast. The affected surface was positive and wide, and the color of the spore pile gradually turned black in the later stage. It has a great impact on wheat, affecting the growth and development of wheat, making the grain slim, affecting yield and variety.
Control methods: the same selection of disease-resistant varieties, planting deep disinfection and sterilization of the soil, the initial stage of the disease, the use of tebuconazole, dinazole alcohol spray, when the incidence is serious, in addition to the incidence of wheat field spray, but also to the surrounding Spray together to prevent the spread of the disease.
3. Aphid mites mainly suck leaves, stems and panicle sap, and yellow spots appear after smoking. As they slowly suck, the whole edible leaves, stems and ears will gradually wither, and finally the whole plant will die. It absorbs juice and affects the photosynthesis of wheat, resulting in poor nutrient transport of the plants. It is best to make the kernels thin and affect the yield.
Control method: spray the medicine, it can be sprayed with selective agent for safe natural enemies, which can protect the natural enemies of the mites from harm and kill the mites, and gradually decrease with the mites until the ratio of natural enemies to wheat å°äºŽ is less than 1:150. At this time, do not spray the medicine.
This article URL: Common diseases and control methods of wheat [Figure]
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