The broccoli is also known as the mustard and the doll dish. It is a variant of the mustard. The fat fleshy stem and side buds are soft and tender. It is suitable for fresh food. The taste is slightly sweet and the fleshy side bud fresh food is better than the main stem and the water content. High, the following describes the high-yield and early-maturing cultivation techniques of children's vegetables.
Variety selection
(1) Early Rich 1
Zaofu No.1 is a new variety of early-maturing cultivar cultivated by Zhang Shifu, a villager of Gaogu Village, Dingjia Town, Dangshan District, under the guidance of the Vegetable and Flower Institute of Chongqing Academy of Agricultural Sciences. Its maturity is early and its yield is high, with a yield of 667 m2. About 000 kg, with high economic benefits, suitable for early maturing cultivation in Chongqing and surrounding areas.
(2) Yucui
Yucui is a new breed of early-maturing vegetables selected by vegetables and flowers of Chongqing Academy of Agricultural Sciences. It has early maturity and is planted from the end of August to the beginning of September. It is harvested from the end of December to January of the next year. The output is generally about 3 500 kg per 667 m2. It is suitable for early maturing cultivation in Chongqing and surrounding areas.
Cultivate non-toxic seedlings
(1) Seed disinfection
Because the virgin disease is mainly caused by the infection of the turnip mosaic virus. Soak seeds with 10% trisodium phosphate for 15 min before sowing, then rinse to passivate the virus from the seeds.
(2) Seeding at the right time
Early sowing is the main cause of viral disease in children. In order to prevent and cure viral diseases, the best sowing time for early-maturing vegetables is from the end of August to the beginning of September.
(3) Avoiding seedlings
Because the virgin disease is spread by mites, it uses silver-gray to avoid the mites. It is covered with a silver-gray film around the nursery field and covered with a silver-gray shade net to reduce the aphid invasion and the spread of viral diseases.
(4) Seedling prevention
The vegetative dish is the most susceptible stage before the 5 true leaves. This is the peak period of the seedling stage and the locust fall (mid-September), using 50% cockroach emulsifiable concentrate or 10% imidacloprid wettability. Powder (蚜虱净, 大功臣) 1 500～2 000 times liquid spray to control aphids. At the same time, it is sprayed with 5% phytotoxic water 300 times solution, or 20% virus A wettable powder 400-500 times solution, or 5% bactericidal clear WP 400 times solution. Spray once every 7 days and spray continuously for 2 to 3 times.
Colonization
When the seedlings are 5-6 pieces and the seedling height is 18-20 cm, they can be planted. The seedling age is generally 30-35 days. The row spacing of planting plants is generally 57 cm × 60 cm, and 2,000 to 2 400 plants are planted per 667 m2.
Base fertilizer
Apply 1500 to 2 000 kg of organic fertilizer per 667 m2, use 100 kg of special fertilizer for 667 m2, apply deep in the nest, deep 10~15 cm and cover with fine soil, then plant the seedlings on the other side to avoid The seedling root is in direct contact with the fertilizer.
top dressing
Applying “fixed root fertilizer†1 to 2 days after transplanting, use 3,000 to 3 500 kg of decomposed organic fertilizer per 667 m2. The first top dressing was applied 15 to 20 days after planting, and 3 to 3 500 kg of decomposed organic fertilizer + 16 kg of urea per 667 m2. The second top dressing was applied 45-50 days after planting, and 4,500 to 5,000 kg of decomposed organic fertilizer + 18 kg of urea per 667 m2.
Pest Control
The main diseases of children's vegetables include downy mildew, viral diseases and stem rot. The insect pests include aphids, yellow strips and vegetable mites. If a plant infected with a viral disease is found in the field, the diseased plant should be immediately uprooted and taken out of the field for destruction, and the potassium permanganate solution should be sprayed continuously and repeatedly in the affected field to control the spread and minimize the loss. From the start of sowing, once the aphids are found, they should be repeatedly and repeatedly sprayed with 1,500 to 2,000 times of spray of imipenem WP (蚜虱净, 大功臣).
Principles of prevention and control: In accordance with the plant protection policy of “prevention first, comprehensive preventionâ€, we adhere to the principle of “harmless prevention, physical control, biological control, supplemented by chemical prevention and controlâ€.
Agricultural control implements a strict rotation system, deep sorghum, strict prevention of water accumulation, clean gardening, application of base fertilizer, and improvement of plant resistance; the use of chemical control should comply with the regulations on pollution-free vegetables.
(1) Downy mildew
Symptoms: The pathogen is mainly harmful to the leaves, and the lesions are yellow-green, polygonal, and irregular. If the weather is wet, a layer of white frosty mildew is formed. The temperature is slightly higher, and it is easy to occur under conditions of warmth, coldness, and raininess.
Chemical control: spray with 50% lysozyme wettable powder or 70% Paterson rich wettable powder or 58% Rydore wettable powder 500-700 times liquid (1 kg agent against 500-700 kg water) 3 times.
(2) Viral disease
Symptoms: The leaves of the damaged plants are dark green and light green uneven patches, or the leaves are shrunk into a deformed leaf shape. In severe cases, the leaves are cracked, and the diseased plants shrink or half atrophy. Viral diseases are transmitted by aphids and diseased plants. High temperatures are good for aphid reproduction and viral diseases. It is necessary to focus on killing aphids and stop the transmission of this virus. It can be repeatedly applied repeatedly, such as chlorpyrifos, imidacloprid and chlorpyrifos. Be sure to pull the affected plants out of the field and sift lime at the nest. The potassium permanganate solution can be sprayed continuously and repeatedly in the affected field to control the spread and minimize the loss.
Chemical control: spray 20% virus A wettable powder 400 ~ 500 times liquid (1 kg agent against 400 ~ 500 kg water) or 5% plant disease 300 times liquid (1 kg agent against 300 kg water) spray control.
(3) stem rot
Symptoms: Water-stained lesions at the base of the plant, then the diseased part expands and expands inward, causing soft rot inside the stem, and there is a foul smell in the mucus. The pathogen mainly invades from the wound, and the insect pest is large and the humidity is high and the disease is easy to occur. Must control the pests such as mites.
Chemical control: use 72% agricultural streptomycin sulfate soluble powder 3 000 ~ 4 000 times liquid (1 kg of medicament against 3 000 ~ 4 000 kg of water) or 14% of copper ammonia solution 300 times of liquid (1 kg of pharmaceuticals against 300 Kg water) and other spray control.
Harvest
The catechu is harvested in divided portions, and each harvest should be taken large and small. When the fleshy stems are fully grown, the green flower buds should be harvested in time. Early-maturing varieties are generally harvested for 40 to 45 days (mid-late December) after harvesting for 3 to 4 times, until the end of January in the end of January, with a yield of 2,500 to 3,000 kg per 667 m2.
Children's food is one of the more important vegetables in Chongqing. The market demand is large, so the planting efficiency is good. The above content is for reference only. If you want to know more about agricultural technology, please pay attention to Hui Nong School!
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