During the flowering period of fruit trees, top dressing or spraying some nutrient fertilizers containing hormones can increase the fruit setting rate of fruit trees, improve the quality of fruits, and increase the yield of fruit trees.
First, the type of fertilizer
1. Mineral nutrients.
Urea. A 0.2% 0.3% urea solution was sprayed once every 3 weeks before flowering, during flowering, and after flowering, which has a good effect on improving the fruit setting rate of fruit trees.
Rare earth. Spraying 500ppm rare earth solution before flowering and full flowering can increase fruit setting rate, but it must not be mixed with alkaline fertilizers and pesticides.
Boron fertilizer. A 0.2% 0.3% borax or 0.1% 0.2% boric acid was sprayed once every 3 weeks during fruit bud enlargement, flowering, and full bloom, which increased the fruit setting rate by 15% to 40%. Boron fertilizer can be mixed with urea.
Zinc sulfate. Spraying 0.1% zinc sulfate solution (preferably mixed with 0.1% boric acid) before flowering and flowering of fruit trees can significantly increase fruit setting rate.
Mo fertilizer (sodium molybdate, ammonium molybdate). Marshal is the apple flower spray molybdenum fertilizer production increase effect is very obvious. According to experiments, Red Star Apple sprayed 0.3% sodium molybdate solution at full bloom, and the fruit setting rate increased by 107.4%.
Potassium dihydrogen phosphate. Li Shusheng spraying 0.2% 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution during flowering can significantly increase the fruit setting rate.
Titanium fertilizer. The Marshal was sprayed with 510ppm titanium fertilizer during the flowering period, which has obvious effects of flower protection and fruit protection. The strain production can increase by 14%, and the single fruit weight can increase by 36%.
2. Growth regulators.
Gibberellin (Ninety Two). Jujube spray 1015 mg/litre gibberellic acid during flowering period, fruit setting rate can be increased by 59%; Hawthorn spray 4050 mg/litre gibberellic acid, fruit setting rate can be increased by 30% 50%; Kyoho grape blooming before l2 days with 100 mg/ The concentration of liters sprays the inflorescences or inflorescences. When the length of fruit after full bloom reaches the size of the soybeans, it can be sprayed once again. This can increase the seedless rate to 100%, and increase the fruit weight, sugar content and coloring degree, and improve the grape quality.
Cytokinin. Spraying 800 times cytokinin solution before and after flowering period can significantly increase fruit setting rate and increase fruit sugar content.
Than long (B9). The Kyoho grape is sprayed with 0.2% 0.4% B9 aqueous solution at full flowering stage and 2 weeks after flowering, which can make the grain size, grain size, early maturity and high yield. If the mixture of 0.3% B9 and 100 mg/L sodium bisulfite solution is sprayed during the flowering period of Kyoho grape, the fruit preservation effect is very significant. After the strawberry was sprayed with 23 times 0.10% 0.15% B9 solution, it can promote the result and increase the fruit.
Paclobutrazol. When 812 pieces of fresh shoots of Kyoho grape flower were sprayed, 500 mg/L, 100 mg/L, and 200 mg/L of paclobutrazol were sprayed after flowering period and after flowering respectively, the growth amount of new shoots was reduced by 2/5, and the shoots were suppressed. Growth can reduce fruit drop, improve fruit quality and yield, which will benefit the next year's high yield.
Anti-dropping agent. Apple sprayed 30 mg/L of the anti-dropping solution at full bloom, and then sprayed it once again at the flowering stage at a concentration of 35 mg/L, reducing fruit loss by 30%. With 0.3% urea mixed spray better.
Fruit shape agent. Full flowering period with 50 mg / L fruiting agent sprayed Marshal apple flower and receptacle, can increase fruit shape index, pentagon obvious, improve appearance quality.
3. Leaf nutrient photosynthetic and liquid fertilizers.
Plant protection factor. Spraying 600 times liquid and 700 times liquid phytoalexins at the bud stage and young fruit stage of Fuji will increase the fruit setting rate.
Ye Bao. In the flowering period and fruiting period of fruit trees, spraying foliar loquat can save flowers and preserve fruits, increasing the yield by 20% to 30%. When used each 4050 kilograms of water, can be mixed with acidic pesticides, if adding a small amount of urea, the effect is more obvious.
Photosynthetic fertilizer. Red Fuji apples began to spray photosynthetic micro-fertilizer 3 weeks after flowering, and even sprayed 3 times. Each time the interval was 15 days, the fruit setting rate increased by 87.7%.
Hui Man Fung. At the beginning of flowering stage, Kyoho grape sprayed 800 times Huimanfeng solution and sprayed it again 20 days before maturity, which can significantly increase its yield and quality. It increased the production by 8.7% and 16.9% compared with the control. The maturity period was 710 days ahead of time, and most fruit trees were increased after application. effect.
II. Precautions when using fertilizers outside flowering roots
The flowering period of fruit trees is a sensitive stage for the growth and development of fruit trees. Although there are many advantages for applying extra-root fertilizers in this period, special attention should be paid to it. If you are not careful, serious losses will result.
1. Improve the quality of the spray cloth. When spraying, we should strive to be thoughtful, uniform and detailed. The distance between the nozzle and the flowers should not exceed 20 cm to ensure that enough solution adheres to the flower.
2. Pay attention to climate factors. Clear and windless weather should be selected. Cloudy weather should not be sprayed. If rain falls within a few hours after spraying, heavy spraying is required. The optimum temperature for pollination and fertilization of fruit trees is 22°C-25°C. When the temperature is lower than 22°C, the spray should be chosen close to noon. If the temperature is higher than 25°C, it is better to choose spray before 10 o'clock in the morning.
3. According to the size of the year and the results of the situation to master. The tree species with high fruit setting rate and the old year tree should not blindly spray the flower and fruit preserver. Otherwise, the trees will be overloaded and the fruit quality will be reduced.
4. Select the best type for fruit tree characteristics. Jujube, hawthorn and small fruit varieties in apple, gibberellin spray during flowering, can greatly increase the rate of fruit set. However, if used in Apple's Marshal, Fuji and other large fruit varieties, the effect of gibberellin is not as significant as molybdenum or boron fertilizer. Therefore, the best fertilizer type should be screened through comparative tests.
5. Pay attention to spray concentration. Flowering plants have low fertility, so the spray concentration during flowering is lower than before and after flowering. Especially in high temperature and dry climate conditions, the formulated concentration requirements are accurate, so as to avoid losses, especially the use of plant growth regulators.
6. Fertilizer atomization degree. The higher the degree of atomization of the fertilizer solution, the more uniform the spraying and the better the effect. It is not advisable to use a high-pressure sprayer to prevent the flower from being damaged due to too much pressure.
7. Reasonably mixed spray. Some mineral elements have antagonistic effects, such as nitrogen and potassium, copper, zinc; phosphorus and zinc, iron, copper; potassium and manganese, zinc, calcium, magnesium, etc., these elements are prohibited mixed spray, so as not to affect the effect. Gibberellin, naphthylacetic acid, etc. are acidic regulators, and can not be mixed with alkaline growth regulators or alkaline mineral fertilizers, pesticides, etc., so as not to reduce efficacy or produce phytotoxicity.
8. Appropriate addition of additives. Common additives include: 1 synergist. Can improve fertilizer efficiency or save fertilizer, such as adjuvants, harm legislation equality; 2 adhesives. The fertilizer solution is attached to the flower device to promote the absorption of the fertilizer solution by the tree body, thereby improving the effect. For example, white sugar, triethanolamine and the like are good adhesives.
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