The factors affecting the quality of formulated feeds can be summarized as: personnel quality, formulation, site, equipment and processing technology, raw materials, quality inspection, and rules and regulations.
Feed formulation factors
The application of computer formulation software has increased the constraints of feed formula to more than a dozen or even more, resulting in a dramatic increase in the quality of compound feed, but in practice it has neglected the testing of animal experiments. Most of the formulas were used for production without animal experiments, ignoring the effects of different geographical conditions, different water quality in the breeding areas, different feed raw material producing areas, different animal species and hybrid combinations, and different feeding methods. A good formula must be tested by local animals and feeding tests under feeding conditions. Most of the methods used to be conducted in the factory's test site to conduct rigorous scientific tests, testing items as much as possible, given that food safety is increasingly being taken seriously by people, it is advisable to do the determination in this respect. Then choose a representative area (point) to conduct pilot tests among farmers to test animal weight gain, feed remuneration, economic efficiency and other major indicators. Finally, expand the experiment to the surface, promote the expansion of the test to observe the indicators. Many feed mills have their own farms, but most of them use it as a way of digesting returned materials or warehouse waste, which is a pity.
The test on the surface should also be scientific and rigorous. There are a large number of factories that employ a large number of people (some 300 to 400 people) and each village has two people assigned to do experiments at the farmer households. This is a good thing, but it is a pity that they did not follow scientific feeding test methods. To operate. Most of the animals selected had poor nutrition but had a good skeleton. Before the trial, the so-called gastric lavage was to feed some substances (even laxatives) such as lime water, so that the experimental pigs were emptying and eating very little. Some even cause physiological dehydration in experimental pigs. At the beginning of the experiment, farmers were asked to call their fasting pigs in the morning, and then feed them (better) or additives. The feeding period should end at about 10 days, or let the farmer call the pig’s fasting weight in the morning. The results obtained are surprisingly good, ranging from 2 to 3 pounds per day, and as much as 3 to 5 pounds per day. On the surface, it is impeccable. Farmers can do tests or farmers themselves can feed pigs. Can they be fake? But using scientific methods to analyze it, the result is unreliable and pseudoscience. First of all, we all know that the malnutrition animal's growth rate in the short term after nutrition improvement will greatly exceed the normal value, which is physiologically called growth compensation. The second is that the "fasting" before and after the two times is not the same. The empty stomach in front is not only empty, but also the intestines are empty, and even the physiological dehydration of the organism. The back of an empty stomach was full on the night before. The stomach may be only half empty the next morning. The intestines are full, and the dehydration of the body is fully replenished. After the "fasting" so much water, plus the calculation of daily gain, divided by a very small number (7 to 10 days), can not "long" 3 kg? If this test does not understand the test method and is unintentional, it should be corrected. If it is intentional, it is a deceptive act.
Raw material testing problems
1. Mycotoxin detection. The raw materials in the past have the problem of mildew, but most of them are used raw materials (such as peanut cakes), which have little effect on compound feed products. Therefore, people have always ignored it. With the new replacement of state reserve grain, a large amount of corn and rice are used for feed, and corn and rice are the raw materials with a large proportion of compound feed. If they have problems, the compound feed will not be affected. It is reported that in 2002, due to the use of a large amount of Chen corn in compound feed, the abortion rate of pregnant sows in the country has increased by 10% to 15%, and the phenomenon of false estrus in the gilt is common. The toxin of feedstuff not only affects the production performance of livestock, but also may affect the safety of livestock and poultry food due to residues, and affects the health of humans. It is hoped that feed manufacturers and feed monitoring departments at all levels will give sufficient attention.
2. Microscopy of raw material adulteration. Most manufacturers only pay attention to the determination of conventional nutrients, such as determination of crude protein, moisture, ash, etc., while ignoring the differential examination of microscopic examination. With some feeds, it is difficult to distinguish the quality of the conventional ingredients. Adulterants in fishmeal are more typical examples. Such as fish meal mixed with vegetal pancakes (mostly cheap cotton, rapeseed meal) and inferior animal protein (such as hydrolyzed feather powder, hoof powder, blood meal, leather powder, meat and bone meal, etc.), determination of crude protein , pure protein can not be distinguished, and microscopic examination is a good method of identification, can be directly microscopic examination or use of acid and alkali to remove the color, dissolve soluble material after microscopic examination, each substance has its own unique Microstructure, under the microscope has a "clear" effect. The phenomenon of adulteration of raw materials is more serious. Not only expensive raw materials (such as amino acids, vitamins, fish meal, and soybean meal) are adulterated, but even low-cost products, some of which are also mixed with yellow mud powder and white mud powder. Wait.
Use of antimicrobial drugs
The use of non-therapeutic doses of antibacterial agents as feed enhancers in feedstuffs has eventually been completely banned due to residues and bacterial resistance. Although consensus has been reached, it may still be some time before China is completely banned. Therefore, the use of antibiotics in pig feed is a relatively common phenomenon. The problem is that most manufacturers have great blindness in the use of antibacterial drugs, which are manifested in the use of excess and multiple agents simultaneously, because they do not know which drug is the best. This phenomenon is particularly important in young animal feed. prominent. The purpose is to prevent disease, but it ignores the side effects of “three drugsâ€. Pigs who eat excessive amounts of drugs every day may cause permanent damage to the body. It is recommended that feed companies often sample widely in their own sales areas to do bacteria isolation and drug susceptibility testing, and use high-sensitivity drugs. This will not only use less drugs, have good results, but also have fewer side effects and at the same time reduce costs.
Feed acid problem
Some feed manufacturers prefer to use mineral feeds as fillers, which ignores two issues. One is the disorder that can easily cause the metabolism of minerals; the second is to increase the acidity of the feed. According to data, the acidity of piglet feed is best at 20 o'clock. If it exceeds 30, the quality of feed may be reduced. As the acidity of the feed is increased, the acidity of the feed in the gastrointestinal tract is necessarily reduced. As a result, the digestibility of the feed is decreased, and the growth of beneficial microorganisms in the gastrointestinal tract is also suppressed, and the probability of the proliferation of harmful microorganisms is increased.
In addition, the discount on the implementation of the inspection system is also a factor that affects the instability of product quality. The system is that each batch of raw materials must be inspected and qualified before entering the factory, and products can only be delivered after passing the inspection. However, there are still some plants that are exempted from inspection when the raw material production site is unchanged and there are no major differences in appearance. When raw materials and formulas are not changed, it is not necessary to check each batch of products. The index of commissioned inspections is that good plants are inspected once every quarter, once every six months, and even once a year. The performance of the equipment is also not tested as required. What is the best time for stirring in the mixer? It may not be known, but their impact on the quality of compound feed is very great, and it is hoped that the manufacturer will pay attention to it.
Ningbo Reliance Security Technology CO.,Ltd , https://www.reliancesafes.com