Release date: 2018-01-29
Systemic removal of senescent astrocytes can prevent Parkinson's neuropathology and associated symptoms in model mice with sporadic Alzheimer's disease (representing 95% of human cases). The study, published in Cell Reports, offers researchers from the Buck Institute's Andersen lab a new treatment for this refractory malignant neurological disease that has reduced the ability of millions of Americans to control their actions. .
Image source: Georgia Woods
Aging cells that stop dividing under pressure secrete harmful factors, causing tissue damage and chronic inflammation. In this study, researchers used paraquat to promote cell aging, and paraquat was officially confirmed in 2011 with farmers suffering from Parkinson's.
"Because aging cells are associated with Parkinson's and other neurodegenerative diseases, we believe this is the first demonstration that clearing inflammatory cells can prevent animals from developing symptoms," said Dr. Buck, research lead author Dr. Julie K. Andersen. “We believe that our study on a sporadic model suggests that it may be a potential new way to treat the most prevalent Parkinson's disease in humans.â€
Considering that the study focuses on aging astrocytes, it is very unusual. Astrocytes are responsible for a range of tasks, including axonal guidance, joint support for the blood-brain barrier, and blood flow. Although astrocytes are the most abundant cells in the central nervous system, most neuroscience studies underestimate the role of this cell. She said that mainstream Parkinson's research focuses on toxic substances that directly affect specific neurons. "But no one has proposed effective therapies based on this method. This study suggests that aging astrocytes may promote disease progression, we Very excited about exploring this method."
The study, led by Distinguished Professor Dr. Shankar Chinta and postdoctoral researcher Dr. Georgia Woods, found that astrocyte senescence increased in Parkinson's death tissue, incubated human astrocytes with paraquat and cells senescence.
The mice used in this study were 6 months old, equivalent to 36 years old. Andersen Laboratories hopes to study the effects of astrocyte aging in mice at different ages to determine if Parkinson can be prevented and reversed. "Chronic inflammation promotes chronic inflammation leading to many age-related diseases, and Parkinson may be one of them," Andersen said. "Astrocyte inflammation may play a role in other neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease. This model gives us new ways to broaden our research to find a way to treat a range of diseases."
There is an urgent need for a method of treating Parkinson. It is estimated that between 7 and 10 million people worldwide suffer from Parkinson's. In addition to restless tremors and difficulty walking, Parkinson's can also lead to depression and cognitive decline, and the symptoms will become more and more serious as the disease progresses. About 5% of patients are caused by genetic factors. The remaining 95% of patients are thought to be caused by a range of genetic and environmental factors, such as family history, genetic variation, drinking well water, and exposure to pesticides or heavy metals.
Source: Bio Valley
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