Traditionally grown celery is usually sown from September to December and harvested from December to April. The anti-season cultivation of celery was planted in June, and it was collected in September. However, due to the high temperature and strong light in summer, it is not conducive to the normal growth of celery. The celery grown according to the common cultivation method is short, has many fibers, and has poor taste quality. In order to solve this problem, the celery planting celery in summer, not only has high yield and good quality, but its stem and petiole are white and tender, the fragrance is strong, the texture is crisp, the fiber is less and there is no slag, which fills the vacancy of the autumn vegetable market in the southern market. Widely welcomed by consumers. The high-yield cultivation techniques for summer visor cultivation of celery are summarized below.
1, celery requirements for environmental conditions
The growth of celery requires a cool and humid environment. The suitable temperature for seed germination is 15-20 °C. It is resistant to low light, causing the increase of cellulose in high temperature and strong light. The quality of slag is poor. The low temperature and long sunshine promote flower bud differentiation and it is not easy to produce cellulose. The celery is crispy and tender; the celery enjoys water, the roots are shallow, the water absorption capacity is weak, and the soil is required to be moist. It is suitable for planting in loam and clay loam rich in organic matter, water retention and fertility.
2, the standard of high quality celery
The citizens of the southern region like to eat the local traditional parsley, which requires a clear fragrance, a crisp texture, less cellulose and no residue, no yellow leaves, no roots, a plant height of about 60cm, a plant weight of 50-100g, and celery when tied. The stem is not scarred, and the plants are too large and too small to be welcomed by the public.
3, summer celery cultivation points
3.1 Variety selection
Although the shade of celery is covered during the summer celery growth, the temperature is still relatively high, which is not conducive to the growth of celery. Therefore, it should be planted with varieties with good heat resistance and strong resistance, such as local farm variety eight-step parsley. It’s a big crisp and so on.
3.2 Cultivation of strong seedlings
1 Seed treatment Celery seeds have a long dormancy period. After dormant seeds, they can germinate at 7-20 days at a suitable temperature of 15-20 °C. It is difficult to germinate above 25 °C. In the summer, use temperature control to promote celery seed hair, use the seeds of the next year, first soak for 3 to 4 hours, then soak for 10 to 12 hours with water, then lick the seeds, rinse off the mucus on the seeds with water, wash and spread the seeds Place it in a cool, ventilated place and dry it to a semi-dry. Wrap it in a clean, damp cotton cloth. Store it at a temperature of about 5 °C in the refrigerator for 12 hours at night. Take it out in the shade during the day, so that the seeds can be repeated several times. germination. If there is no refrigerator, the bag containing the celery seeds can be hanged in a deep well about 0.5 m from the water surface for germination.
2 Build a shed to cover the agricultural film, cultivate strong seedlings, choose ventilation, convenient drainage, fertile and loose land for seedling raising, apply 5,000 square meters of fully degraded high-quality farmyard manure, ternary compound fertilizer or compound fertilizer 50kg per 667 square meters before the preparation of the land. 1.2～1.3m, length 10～20m for nursery, smoothing the surface, the soil is fine, and the micro-turtle is back-shaped and then poured into the bottom water. After shrinking, a thin layer of fine soil is sprayed on the surface of the crucible. Mix appropriate amount of fine sand on the bed soil, cover the fine soil with sieving, spray 50% carbendazim 500 times solution, and finally cover with a black sunshade floating surface with a opacity of 70%-80% to keep The surface is moist, after the emergence, remove the shade net, sprinkle a little sieved fine soil, cover the seedlings, and take advantage of the roots. The agricultural film is used to build a small arch shed with a height of about 1 m. The agricultural film is covered with a sunshade net or a straw curtain to achieve the purpose of preventing exposure to the sun and sheltering from rain, and forming a cool microclimate favorable for the growth of the seedling. The same effect can be achieved by using the cowpea rack and the melon shed.
3 Seedling management seedbeds are generally kept moist, and the bed surface is slightly white at noon, which is good for seedling rooting, and can be poured once a day in the morning. After the seedlings are released, the first true leaves are unfolded, and the small water is poured to prevent the drought from killing the seedlings; after the first true leaves are unfolded, the soil is kept moist; when the seedlings grow to 2 to 3 true leaves, the field is cleared. Weeds make the soil wet when dry, which is good for multiple roots and promotes seedling growth.
3.3 Field Management
1 transplanted seedlings when the seedlings 5 ​​to 6 true leaves, can be transplanted seedlings. It is required to plant the seedlings separately. When excavating the seedlings, the leaves and roots should not be damaged as much as possible, and the plants should be covered with some soil to facilitate survival after planting. Colonization should be carried out after 5:00 pm, and the root water should be drenched in time after planting.
2 Scaffolding cover sunshade net to prevent exposure to the sun, shelter from rainstorms, use bamboo, wood or metal to make arch sheds or flat sheds, shed height 2 ~ 2.5m, cover the sunshade net on the scaffolding, shed to north and south It is advisable to cover the celery with sunlight from 10:00 to 15:00 during the daytime on both sides of the east and west. The north and south sides are open and ventilated, and the summer celery should be shaded during the whole growth period. Covering the black shade net, it can reduce the light intensity, the surface temperature is reduced by 9~13°C, and the surface soil layer is reduced by 4~7°C by 5cm, which improves the field microclimate, is beneficial to the photosynthesis, and provides a more favorable environment for the production of celery. . While reducing the temperature, it can also slow down the wind speed, reduce the evaporation of soil moisture, help to moisturize and prevent drought, and reduce the mechanical damage caused by heavy rain on celery, sediment pollution and soil compaction on celery; use closed-type full-day coverage It can prevent a variety of pests such as cabbage caterpillar, diamondback moth, and Spodoptera litura from laying eggs on celery, so as to reduce the insect pests and achieve the purpose of less pesticide application.
3 Fertilizer management to plant until the plant is closed, shallow tillage 2 to 3 times, generally chasing 3 to 4 times of fertilizer, mixed with decomposed dry manure and compound fertilizer evenly applied to the line, can also be used compound fertilizer to decompose manure Apply, apply shallow water after application. Generally, 1 time of fertilizer is required to be filled once, and it is not necessary to fill water in case of rain. The principle of light weight and weight before the topdressing is mastered. The first one or two times of topdressing does not exceed 20% of the total topdressing amount, and the third to fourth topdressing reaches 70% of the total topdressing amount. After the plant is closed, the quick-acting fertilizer can be applied once. The amount of fertilizer used accounts for 10% of the total topdressing amount. The total amount of topdressing of 667 square meters: 2000-3000 kg for farmyard manure and 50-75 kg for ternary compound fertilizer or compound fertilizer. In order to improve the quality and yield of celery, apply 2 to 3 foliar fertilizers in the middle and late growth stages, and choose potassium dihydrogen phosphate, Ai Duo, Lvwang, etc., and spray the plant growth regulator 902 at the right time before harvest. Promote the elongation of the petiole.
4 timely prevention and control of pests and diseases The main pests and diseases of summer celery are: leaf spot, spot blight, virus disease, Liriomyza sativae, etc. In the process of prevention and control, in accordance with the plant protection policy of "prevention first, comprehensive prevention", active prevention and control.
3.4 celery softening cultivation
The celery softening cultivation method mainly includes a natural softening method, a soil softening method, and a soil softening method. The farmers in our district generally adopt the natural softening method. The practice is as follows: the celery is planted at a row spacing of 10cm×15cm, and each cluster is 3~4 plants. The soil around the depression is about 20cm, and straw or thatch is used to make grasshoppers. In the process of cultivating 2 to 3 times before the closure, the plants will be tillered, the leaves will grow lush, and the top seal will be realized as soon as possible, so that the petioles grow in the dark environment and achieve the purpose of softening the petioles.
4, harvest
Celery is grown in the summer for 90-110 days. When the plant is as high as 60cm, it can be harvested and listed until the end of October.
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