In the orchard's daily management, many fruit growers have a huge misunderstanding. They only pay attention to the management on the ground and ignore the underground management. They know very little about the management of the soil. They do not know that the root diseases and even the death of many fruit trees are caused by orchards. Poor soil permeability caused. In response, Ma Zhifeng, an expert and professor of fruit miscellaneousness at the Yangling Vocational and Technical College, reminded the broad masses of farmers that changing concepts, doing well in soil management, and improving soil permeability are very urgent for fruit growers. So, how to scientifically improve the permeability of orchard soil, Ma Zhifeng put forward four suggestions:
First, he said that the vast majority of farmers adopt flood irrigation in orchards. Actually, this irrigation method is one of the main causes of poor air permeability in orchards, including peach trees, cherry trees, and kiwi trees. Death is related to unreasonable irrigation methods. He corrected: The purpose of irrigation is to water roots instead of soil. The correct irrigation method should be furrow irrigation, which is done by digging a trench 15 to 20 cm deep along the side of the tree. This method not only saves water resources, but also reduces the investment of farmers, and more importantly, the irrigation effect is good because The water was poured into the root absorption area of ​​fruit trees below 20 cm, which prevented the root system from dying due to hypoxia.
Second, Ma Zhifeng reminded farmers that in the more dry and rainy season, the more attention should be paid to strengthening the cultivation of orchards, and to improve the permeability of orchard soil by breaking the condition of soil compaction. In the process of cultivation, after the capillary roots of fruit trees are cut off, evaporation of water on the ground is reduced, and the soil is also preserved.
Third, we must pay attention to the work of rain drainage garden. Ma Zhifeng said that the poor permeability of orchard soils has a lot to do with water accumulation, and this is also a problem that many farmers are particularly likely to overlook in their daily orchard management. “A lot of farmers often fail to enter the ground when it rains. When the rain stops, the roots of fruit trees have been soaking for a long time. The fruit trees are not breathing,†said Ma Zhifeng. Therefore, he believes that it is necessary for fruit growers to adopt furrow irrigation when they are irrigating in an orchard, because irrigation canals can also help drainage.
Fourth, in addition to controlling water and farming, in the orchard management, fruit growers also need to pay attention to the application of organic fertilizers and fungus fertilizers. The application of organic fertilizer and bacterial fertilizer can not only enhance soil fertility and soil activity, but also release various elements in the soil. In addition, when the soil microorganisms are active, the structure of the soil will change and the soil will become loose. Once the soil becomes loose, the permeability and the ability to retain water and fertilizer will increase.
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