January: Shaping and trimming
Plastic: Using "T" type scaffolding, a single trunk is put on the shelf and then the "Y" type is used to form two main vines on both sides of the frame. The vertical direction of the main vine is every 30-50 centimeters to leave one side of the vine (the resulting mother branch). The side vines are oriented in the direction of the rack crossbeam, and the two sides must be staggered, leaving the result branches on the resulting mother branch (4 to 7 result branches per mother branch). As a result, the mother branch and the result branch exceed the outermost ends of the beam, and the length is controlled at 60 Centimeters or so.
Pruning: The use of short cuts combined with thinning, long, medium and short branches combined pruning.
February: Planting a Tree
Garden selection: It is better to choose sandy loam with good permeability, high organic matter content and PH value of 6.5-7.5. Other soil needs improvement. The gardens need convenient transportation, good conditions for drainage and irrigation, and relative concentration.
Planting: With the "Qinmei" as the main planting species, it can be properly matched with other varieties such as "Hayward" and "Mute". The male to female ratio is 8:1, the row spacing is 3 meters and 4 meters, the planting hole is 0.8 to 1 cubic meters, and 75 to 100 kilograms of soil manure and calcium superphosphate are mixed with soil manure, and the heavy clay can be properly mixed with sand. Improved. Backfill the end of the water and sink it, then use the mature soil to fill it and start planting the tree. The depth of the planting should be straight to the ground and the root should be filled with water. It is better to plant seedlings with strong seedlings, and one or two seedlings are generally used.
March: Top dressing, supplementary planting, high picking, loose soil protection
About 60 grams of nitrogen fertilizer is applied to saplings, and 2/3 of annual nitrogen is applied to mature trees. Phosphorus and potassium are applied only once in the early stage. The timely replanting of the dead plant in the garden, the death of the above-ground or the post-planting variety of male and female is not correct, promptly change the head to ensure that the species on the road, male and female plants meet the requirements.
For lands with poor irrigation conditions, after the rain, the loose soil will be covered or covered and the fertilizer applied in time.
April: Pest control, cutting, demolition, top dressing, etc.
Insect protection: pay attention to the prevention and treatment of scarabs.
Follow-up Spring Fertilizer: The garden that was not top-dressed in March will be supplemented with Spring Fertilizer as soon as possible.
Recut: Re-inspect the pruning of the inadequacy of winter pruning. Generally, the branches and branches of the branches, branches, and uncut pruning branches are cut off.
In addition to sprouting: the excess germination without space growth sparse, double buds to one, weak bud eradication, generally leaving 12 to 17 strong buds per square meter.
Weeding and weeding: This is a good time to remove overwintering weeds. The soil can be soiled and the weeds can not form seeds to reduce the growth of weeds in the coming year.
May: shading, standing branches, topping, pollination, etc.
Shade: Shade the trees properly in spring. In the early spring, shade other crops can be planted between the rows, and pay attention to the length of the seedlings inserted in the bamboo sticks, promote the morning stand and shape early.
Topping: In the late period, picking up the shoots about 80 centimeters in time will not only increase the output and quality of the year, but also benefit the formation of flower buds in the coming year.
Top dressing: Each 0.25 kg of compound fertilizer applied before flowering not only has a great effect on strong fruit, promoting shoots, expanding crowns and increasing yield, but also has good effects on flower bud formation in the coming year.
Pollination: can be placed bees, blasts promote pollen transmission. In case of cloudy days during flowering, artificial pollination is required at low temperatures.
June: Summer cut, fruit thinning, pest control, top dressing, etc.
Summer cut: The last fruiting node of the result branch leaves 7 to 8 leaves, and repeatedly picks up the heart. The picking heart is only used for local treatment of one branch. When dense, it needs to be thinned, and the ratio of leaf to fruit is 8 to 9 :1. When combined with summer shearing, the vines are spliced ​​in time so that the branches are evenly distributed, do not overlap, and do not coexist, reaching the leaves and leaves.
Thinning fruit: For the 3 fruits, leave it on both sides, go for long fruiting branches, leave 5 to 7 fruit in the middle, 3 to 5 fruit to stay in the middle fruit branch, 2 to 3 fruit to stay in the short fruit branch, and remove the deformed fruit. Disease, fruit, fruit, small fruit.
Insect protection: Do a good job of pest observation, pay attention to the timely prevention and treatment of scarab, red spider, two-leaf clover and pupa.
Irrigation: timely irrigation, irrigation before and after the wheat harvest, pay attention to observe the timely irrigation of leaves when the beginning of wilting.
Topdressing: In the later days, the application of strong fruit fertilizer can increase the fruit quality and compensate for the growth of shoots in later stages. Phosphorus and potassium fertilizers are preferred. The plant applies 0.2-0.5 kg compound fertilizer, and at the same time, the cultivation and weeding can be done in combination with topdressing.
July: Young garden top dressing, irrigation, weeding, etc.
Young garden fertilizer: young garden to be less applied, ground facilities, in July on the young garden should be given a small amount of a quick-appropriate fertilizer, mainly phosphorus, potash fertilizer, promoting its branches full. Chengyuan Garden combined with further summer cutting to do a good job.
Irrigation: Irrigation is the key to July. Generally, the leaves are immediately watered when mild leaf rolling occurs in the afternoon, and irrigation should be performed 6 to 10 days in drought. Sand soil fertility and poor water retention should pay attention to timely irrigation.
Insect protection: Insect prevention work focuses on the occurrence of spider mites, so that it can be observed, checked, and controlled in time.
Fruit thinning: The fruit is thinned after the fast growing period of the young fruit, and the fruit is evenly distributed and there is enough foliage to supply the nutrients. General sparse three times from June to July have the best effect.
Cultivated weeding: According to the growth of weeds at any time, the cultivator plays a role in conservation.
Conservation: The garden with poor irrigation conditions can use weeds and straw to cover the soil. After the cover is rotted, it is turned into the soil and the soil can be improved.
August: Pest Control, Summer Scissors, etc.
Irrigation: This period is a hot and dry season. Pay attention to timely irrigation and always keep the soil moist.
Insect protection: During the hot and dry season, spider mites have developed spasm, and in the early stages of outbreaks, they have been wiped out with anti-swollen anti-swollen agents.
Xia Jian: On the newly sprouted branch, there is an empty topping, no time to remove, pay attention to the timely picking of new shoots, and promote the lignification of its branches.
September: Picking branches and saplings
Finishing fruit on branches: At this time, the fruit on the tree, the deformed fruit, the disease and fruit, and the small fruit should be removed to make the fruit on the tree neatly consistent and easy to sell.
Sapling cutting: Sapling timely cutting tip or topping, reducing the growth of new shoots in autumn and storage of nutrients, promote its development and enrichment, improve resistance to the new year growth.
October: fruit picking, basal preparation
Picking fruit: “Qinmei†picks better in mid-October and avoids early picking. When fruit is picked, the fruit can not be hard-pulled upwards, gently and gently, according to grading standards, grading and packaging, and waiting for sale.
Prepare basal fertilizer: After harvesting the fruit, it is the best period for applying basal fertilizer. The preparation of basal fertilizer should be done well.
November: Shi Jifei, Planting Trees, and Clear Garden
Shi Jifei: Basal fertilizer includes manure, chicken manure, human feces, and cake fat, and calcium superphosphate is added. In the fourth year, 50 kg are applied per plant, and 75 kg per plant plus 1 kg of superphosphate in the fifth year.
Tree planting: This period is a good time for winter cropping. Planting the tree at this time is very conducive to the growth of seedlings in the coming year. The planting method is the same as in February. The difference is that during this period, the soil needs to be frost-proofed in winter and then re-opened in the spring.
Clear Garden: Including the clearing of the leaves and the fruits of the disease and insects in the garden, buried deep or away from the garden and burned.
December: Winter Shear, Applying Base Fertilizer, Pouring Frozen Water
Winter Scissors: The leaves can be trimmed one week later, the pruning method is the same as the month of January, and the work of Schiff fertilizer that is not finished in November should end as soon as possible. For those who did not perform in November, the implementation of basal fertilization must be completed this month, in the same way as in November.
Pouring frozen water: Filling frozen water before unfrozen can prevent freezing and promote soil improvement.
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